वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-62, verse-26

रम्भामप्सरसं शक्रः सह सर्वैर्मरुद्गणैः ।
उवाचात्महितं वाक्यमहितं कौशिकस्य च ॥२६॥

26. rambhāmapsarasaṃ śakraḥ saha sarvairmarudgaṇaiḥ ,
uvācātmahitaṃ vākyamahitaṃ kauśikasya ca.

26. rambhām apsarasam śakraḥ saha sarvaiḥ marudgaṇaiḥ
uvāca ātmahitam vākyam ahitam kauśikasya ca

26. śakraḥ sarvaiḥ marudgaṇaiḥ saha apsarasam rambhām
ātmahitam kauśikasya ca ahitam vākyam uvāca

26. Śakra (Indra), accompanied by all the Marut groups, addressed the Apsara Rambhā with words that were beneficial to himself but detrimental to Kauśika (Viśvāmitra).

Words meanings summery:

• रम्भाम् (rambhām) - Rambhā (the Apsara) (Rambhā)

• अप्सरसम् (apsarasam) - an Apsara (an Apsara (celestial nymph))

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (Indra)

• सह (saha) - accompanied by (with, together with)

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (with all)

• मरुद्गणैः (marudgaṇaiḥ) - by the Marut groups (with the hosts of Maruts)

• उवाच (uvāca) - addressed (he spoke, he said)

• आत्महितम् (ātmahitam) - beneficial to himself (beneficial to oneself, self-beneficial)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

• अहितम् (ahitam) - detrimental (harmful, detrimental, not beneficial)

• कौशिकस्य (kauśikasya) - to Kauśika (Viśvāmitra) (of Kauśika (Viśvāmitra))

• च (ca) - but (connects two contrasting adjectives for vākyam) (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

रम्भाम् (rambhām) - Rambhā (the Apsara) (Rambhā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rambhā

rambhā - Rambhā (name of a celestial nymph/Apsara)

Note: Direct object of uvāca.

अप्सरसम् (apsarasam) - an Apsara (an Apsara (celestial nymph))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apsaras

apsaras - celestial nymph, water-nymph

Note: In apposition to rambhām.

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Śakra (Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - powerful, strong; Śakra (an epithet of Indra)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

सह (saha) - accompanied by (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (with all)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

मरुद्गणैः (marudgaṇaiḥ) - by the Marut groups (with the hosts of Maruts)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of marudgaṇa

marudgaṇa - group of Maruts, hosts of wind-gods

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (marut+gaṇa)

• marut – wind, air, wind-god, Marut
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, host, troop
  noun (masculine)

Note: Governed by saha.

उवाच (uvāca) - addressed (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

3rd person singular active

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

आत्महितम् (ātmahitam) - beneficial to himself (beneficial to oneself, self-beneficial)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātmahita

ātmahita - beneficial to oneself, self-serving

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+hita)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
• hita – beneficial, good, placed, set
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā, with prefix hi-
  Prefix: hi
  Root: √dhā (class 3)

Note: Accusative agreeing with vākyam.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Note: Direct object of uvāca.

अहितम् (ahitam) - detrimental (harmful, detrimental, not beneficial)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ahita

ahita - unbeneficial, harmful, enemy

Negative prefix 'a-' + hita (beneficial)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• hita – beneficial, good, placed, set
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā, with prefix hi-
  Prefix: hi
  Root: √dhā (class 3)

Note: Accusative agreeing with vākyam.

कौशिकस्य (kauśikasya) - to Kauśika (Viśvāmitra) (of Kauśika (Viśvāmitra))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kauśika

kauśika - descendant of Kuśika; Kauśika (an epithet of Viśvāmitra)

Note: Relates to ahitam.

च (ca) - but (connects two contrasting adjectives for vākyam) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects contrasting ideas.