मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-9, verse-8
सपत्नीभृत्यपुत्रस्तु प्रापितोऽन्त्यां दशां नृपः ।
स राज्याच्च्यावितोऽनेन बहुशश्च खिलीकृतः ॥८॥
स राज्याच्च्यावितोऽनेन बहुशश्च खिलीकृतः ॥८॥
8. sapatnībhṛtyaputrastu prāpito'ntyāṃ daśāṃ nṛpaḥ .
sa rājyāccyāvito'nena bahuśaśca khilīkṛtaḥ.
sa rājyāccyāvito'nena bahuśaśca khilīkṛtaḥ.
8.
sapatnībhṛtyaputraḥ tu prāpitaḥ antyām daśām nṛpaḥ
saḥ rājyāt cyāvitaḥ anena bahuśaḥ ca khilīkṛtaḥ
saḥ rājyāt cyāvitaḥ anena bahuśaḥ ca khilīkṛtaḥ
8.
tu nṛpaḥ sapatnībhṛtyaputraḥ antyām daśām prāpitaḥ
saḥ anena rājyāt cyāvitaḥ ca bahuśaḥ khilīkṛtaḥ
saḥ anena rājyāt cyāvitaḥ ca bahuśaḥ khilīkṛtaḥ
8.
But the king, along with his wife, servant, and son, was brought to a dire state. He was dispossessed of his kingdom by (Viśvāmitra), and greatly tormented many times.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सपत्नीभृत्यपुत्रः (sapatnībhṛtyaputraḥ) - having his wife, servants, and son; accompanied by his wife, servants, and son
- तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)
- प्रापितः (prāpitaḥ) - was brought (caused to obtain, brought, led)
- अन्त्याम् (antyām) - dire, extreme (final, last, ultimate)
- दशाम् (daśām) - state, condition, plight
- नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler
- सः (saḥ) - he, that
- राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from the kingdom
- च्यावितः (cyāvitaḥ) - was dispossessed (dislodged, removed, deprived, fallen)
- अनेन (anena) - by (Viśvāmitra) (by this, by this one)
- बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - greatly, many times (many times, frequently, greatly)
- च (ca) - and, also
- खिलीकृतः (khilīkṛtaḥ) - greatly tormented (made desolate, wasted, humbled, harassed)
Words meanings and morphology
सपत्नीभृत्यपुत्रः (sapatnībhṛtyaputraḥ) - having his wife, servants, and son; accompanied by his wife, servants, and son
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sapatnībhṛtyaputra
sapatnībhṛtyaputra - one who has his wife, servants, and son
Bahuvrīhi compound: `sa-patnī` (with wife/co-wife) + `bhṛtya` (servant) + `putra` (son).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+patnī+bhṛtya+putra)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - patnī – wife
noun (feminine) - bhṛtya – servant, dependent
noun (masculine)
Gerundive
From root `bhṛ` (to bear, support).
Root: bhṛ (class 3) - putra – son
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies `nṛpaḥ`.
तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
Note: Particle indicating contrast or emphasis.
प्रापितः (prāpitaḥ) - was brought (caused to obtain, brought, led)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpita
prāpita - caused to obtain, caused to reach, conveyed
Past Passive Participle
From causal of root `āp` (to obtain, reach) with prefix `pra`. `pra-āp` becomes `prāp` in causative stem `prāpay`. Then P.P.P `prāpita`.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Qualifies `nṛpaḥ`.
अन्त्याम् (antyām) - dire, extreme (final, last, ultimate)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of antya
antya - last, final, extreme, lowest
From `anta` (end) with suffix `ya`.
Note: Qualifies `daśām`.
दशाम् (daśām) - state, condition, plight
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of daśā
daśā - state, condition, period of life, plight
Here means 'state'.
Note: Used as object of `prāpitaḥ`.
नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men
Compound `nṛ` (man) + `pa` (protector), from root `pā` (to protect).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)
- nṛ – man, men
noun (masculine) - pa – protector, guardian
noun (masculine)
From root `pā` (to protect).
Root: pā (class 2)
सः (saḥ) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers back to `nṛpaḥ`.
राज्यात् (rājyāt) - from the kingdom
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of rājya
rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule
From `rājan` (king) with suffix `ya`.
Note: Indicates separation from the kingdom.
च्यावितः (cyāvitaḥ) - was dispossessed (dislodged, removed, deprived, fallen)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of cyāvita
cyāvita - caused to move, expelled, dispossessed, deprived
Past Passive Participle
From causal of root `cyu` (to move, fall). Causative stem `cyāvay`.
Root: cyu (class 1)
Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.
अनेन (anena) - by (Viśvāmitra) (by this, by this one)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, this one
Note: Agent in the passive construction.
बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - greatly, many times (many times, frequently, greatly)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial suffix `śas` from `bahu` (much, many).
Note: Adverb modifying `khilīkṛtaḥ`.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
खिलीकृतः (khilīkṛtaḥ) - greatly tormented (made desolate, wasted, humbled, harassed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of khilīkṛta
khilīkṛta - made desolate, laid waste, ruined, harassed, brought to naught
Past Passive Participle
From root `kṛ` (to do, make) with `khilī` (to be reduced to a barren state).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.