मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-71, verse-9
पत्नी धर्मार्थकामानां कारणं प्रबलं नृणाम् ।
विशेषतश्च धर्मस्य सन्त्यक्तस्त्यजता हि ताम् ॥९॥
विशेषतश्च धर्मस्य सन्त्यक्तस्त्यजता हि ताम् ॥९॥
9. patnī dharmārthakāmānāṃ kāraṇaṃ prabalaṃ nṛṇām .
viśeṣataśca dharmasya santyaktastyajatā hi tām.
viśeṣataśca dharmasya santyaktastyajatā hi tām.
9.
patnī dharma-artha-kāmānām kāraṇam prabalam nṛṇām
viśeṣataḥ ca dharmasya santyaktaḥ tyajatā hi tām
viśeṣataḥ ca dharmasya santyaktaḥ tyajatā hi tām
9.
A wife is a potent means for men to attain the human aims of righteousness (dharma), prosperity (artha), and pleasure (kama); she is especially crucial for (dharma). Indeed, one who abandons her is himself abandoned (by these pursuits).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पत्नी (patnī) - wife
- धर्म-अर्थ-कामानाम् (dharma-artha-kāmānām) - of dharma, artha, and kama (the three human aims)
- कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, means
- प्रबलम् (prabalam) - powerful, strong, potent
- नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, for men, among men
- विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically
- च (ca) - and, also
- धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of righteousness (dharma), of duty
- सन्त्यक्तस् (santyaktas) - abandoned, forsaken, given up
- त्यजता (tyajatā) - by the one abandoning
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
- ताम् (tām) - referring to the wife (her)
Words meanings and morphology
पत्नी (patnī) - wife
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of patnī
patnī - wife, mistress, lady
धर्म-अर्थ-कामानाम् (dharma-artha-kāmānām) - of dharma, artha, and kama (the three human aims)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of dharma-artha-kāma
dharma-artha-kāma - righteousness, prosperity, and pleasure (the three human aims)
Compound type : dvandva (dharma+artha+kāma)
- dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - artha – purpose, goal, wealth, prosperity, meaning
noun (masculine) - kāma – desire, pleasure, love
noun (masculine)
Root: kam (class 1)
कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason, means
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa
kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument, motive
Root: kṛ (class 8)
प्रबलम् (prabalam) - powerful, strong, potent
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of prabala
prabala - strong, powerful, mighty, superior
Prefix: pra
Root: bal (class 1)
Note: Agrees with kāraṇam
नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, for men, among men
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ
nṛ - man, male, human being
विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of righteousness (dharma), of duty
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - righteousness, duty, natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
सन्त्यक्तस् (santyaktas) - abandoned, forsaken, given up
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of santyaktā
santyaktā - abandoned, forsaken, given up
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'tyaj' with upasarga 'sam'.
Prefix: sam
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: Refers to the person who abandons the wife, implying he is himself abandoned by the good things.
त्यजता (tyajatā) - by the one abandoning
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tyajat
tyajat - abandoning, renouncing, giving up
Present Active Participle
Derived from root 'tyaj'.
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: Functions as agent for 'santyaktas'.
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
(indeclinable)
ताम् (tām) - referring to the wife (her)
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, it