मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-71, verse-3
सोऽहं कथं करिष्यामि त्यक्ता पत्नी मया हि सा ।
अथवा ज्ञानदृष्टिं तं पृच्छामि मुनिसत्तमम् ॥३॥
अथवा ज्ञानदृष्टिं तं पृच्छामि मुनिसत्तमम् ॥३॥
3. so'haṃ kathaṃ kariṣyāmi tyaktā patnī mayā hi sā .
athavā jñānadṛṣṭiṃ taṃ pṛcchāmi munisattamam.
athavā jñānadṛṣṭiṃ taṃ pṛcchāmi munisattamam.
3.
saḥ aham katham kariṣyāmi tyaktā patnī mayā hi
sā athavā jñānadṛṣṭim tam pṛcchāmi munisattamam
sā athavā jñānadṛṣṭim tam pṛcchāmi munisattamam
3.
How can I, who am in this situation, proceed, since that wife was indeed abandoned by me? Alternatively, I shall consult that best of sages, who possesses the vision of true knowledge.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सः (saḥ) - "I, that same (person)", emphasizing the king's dilemma (he, that)
- अहम् (aham) - I
- कथम् (katham) - interrogative adverb asking "how" to proceed (how, why)
- करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do, I will make
- त्यक्ता (tyaktā) - the woman (wife) who was abandoned (abandoned, forsaken)
- पत्नी (patnī) - wife
- मया (mayā) - by me
- हि (hi) - emphasizes the fact of abandonment (indeed, surely, for)
- सा (sā) - referring to the wife (she, that (feminine))
- अथवा (athavā) - introduces an alternative course of action (or else, or)
- ज्ञानदृष्टिम् (jñānadṛṣṭim) - referring to the sage's spiritual wisdom (possessing the vision of knowledge, insightful)
- तम् (tam) - referring to the best of sages (him, that (masculine singular accusative))
- पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask, I inquire
- मुनिसत्तमम् (munisattamam) - referring to the wise sage whom the king seeks counsel from (the best of sages)
Words meanings and morphology
सः (saḥ) - "I, that same (person)", emphasizing the king's dilemma (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, it
Note: often used with 'aham' to mean 'I myself', or 'I in that situation'.
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
कथम् (katham) - interrogative adverb asking "how" to proceed (how, why)
(indeclinable)
करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do, I will make
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ
Future Active
1st singular future active of √kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
त्यक्ता (tyaktā) - the woman (wife) who was abandoned (abandoned, forsaken)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tyakta
tyakta - abandoned, forsaken, given up
Past Passive Participle
From √tyaj (to abandon) + -ta
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: functions as a predicate adjective here.
पत्नी (patnī) - wife
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of patnī
patnī - wife, mistress
मया (mayā) - by me
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
Note: Agent in a passive construction (tyaktā).
हि (hi) - emphasizes the fact of abandonment (indeed, surely, for)
(indeclinable)
Note: particle used for emphasis or causal connection.
सा (sā) - referring to the wife (she, that (feminine))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, it
Note: Refers back to 'patnī'.
अथवा (athavā) - introduces an alternative course of action (or else, or)
(indeclinable)
ज्ञानदृष्टिम् (jñānadṛṣṭim) - referring to the sage's spiritual wisdom (possessing the vision of knowledge, insightful)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of jñānadṛṣṭi
jñānadṛṣṭi - eye of knowledge, wisdom, spiritual insight
Compound of jñāna (knowledge) and dṛṣṭi (sight, vision)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāna+dṛṣṭi)
- jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
noun (neuter)
Root: jñā (class 9) - dṛṣṭi – sight, vision, eye
noun (feminine)
From √dṛś (to see)
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: This is an adjective describing 'tam munisattamam'. It is used as a Bahuvrihi compound, meaning "one who has knowledge-vision".
तम् (tam) - referring to the best of sages (him, that (masculine singular accusative))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, it
पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask, I inquire
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prach
Present Active
1st singular present active of √prach
Root: prach (class 6)
मुनिसत्तमम् (munisattamam) - referring to the wise sage whom the king seeks counsel from (the best of sages)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of munisattama
munisattama - best of sages, chief ascetic
Compound of muni (sage) and sattama (best of)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+sattama)
- muni – sage, ascetic, seer
noun (masculine) - sattama – best, most excellent
adjective (masculine)
Superlative suffix -tama