मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-102, verse-21
देवा निशम्येति वचो गगनात्समुपागमन् ।
प्रहर्षमतुलं याता दानवाश्च हतौजसः ॥२१॥
प्रहर्षमतुलं याता दानवाश्च हतौजसः ॥२१॥
21. devā niśamyeti vaco gaganātsamupāgaman .
praharṣamatulaṃ yātā dānavāśca hataujasaḥ.
praharṣamatulaṃ yātā dānavāśca hataujasaḥ.
21.
devāḥ niśamya iti vacaḥ gaganāt samupāgaman
praharṣam atulam yātāḥ dānavāḥ ca hataujasaḥ
praharṣam atulam yātāḥ dānavāḥ ca hataujasaḥ
21.
Having heard these words from the sky, the gods came forth. And the demons, whose might had been destroyed, attained incomparable joy.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, divine beings
- निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived
- इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking quotation
- वचः (vacaḥ) - speech, words, statement
- गगनात् (gaganāt) - from the sky, from the atmosphere
- समुपागमन् (samupāgaman) - they came forth, they approached
- प्रहर्षम् (praharṣam) - great joy, delight
- अतुलम् (atulam) - incomparable, unparalleled
- याताः (yātāḥ) - attained, reached, gone (to)
- दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - demons, sons of Danu
- च (ca) - and, also
- हतौजसः (hataujasaḥ) - whose strength is destroyed, bereft of power
Words meanings and morphology
देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, divine beings
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of deva
deva - god, divine being
Root: div (class 1)
निशम्य (niśamya) - having heard, having perceived
(indeclinable)
absolutive
From root √śam (to hear) with upasarga ni-, formed with -ya suffix (absolutive/gerund)
Prefix: ni
Root: śam (class 4)
इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, marking quotation
(indeclinable)
वचः (vacaḥ) - speech, words, statement
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas
vacas - speech, word, voice, statement
From root √vac (to speak)
Root: vac (class 2)
गगनात् (gaganāt) - from the sky, from the atmosphere
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of gagana
gagana - sky, atmosphere
समुपागमन् (samupāgaman) - they came forth, they approached
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samupāgam
Imperfect
Formed from root √gam with upasargas sam- and upā-, 3rd person plural imperfect active
Prefixes: sam+upā
Root: gam (class 1)
प्रहर्षम् (praharṣam) - great joy, delight
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of praharṣa
praharṣa - great joy, delight, elation
From root √hṛṣ (to be excited) with upasarga pra-
Prefix: pra
Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
अतुलम् (atulam) - incomparable, unparalleled
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of atula
atula - incomparable, unparalleled, unequalled
Formed with negative prefix 'a-' and 'tula' (balance, comparison)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tula)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - tula – balance, scale, comparison
noun (masculine)
Root: tul (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `praharṣam`.
याताः (yātāḥ) - attained, reached, gone (to)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yāta
yāta - gone, approached, obtained
Past Passive Participle
From root √yā (to go) with suffix -ta
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Functions as a predicate, agreeing with `dānavāḥ`.
दानवाः (dānavāḥ) - demons, sons of Danu
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dānava
dānava - demon, son of Danu
Descendant of Danu
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction
हतौजसः (hataujasaḥ) - whose strength is destroyed, bereft of power
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of hataujas
hataujas - whose strength is destroyed, bereft of power
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+ojas)
- hata – destroyed, killed, struck
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root √han (to strike, kill) with suffix -ta
Root: han (class 2) - ojas – strength, power, vigor
noun (neuter)
Root: uj (class 6)
Note: Agrees with `dānavāḥ`.