महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-46, verse-19

देवाः सर्वे नरव्याघ्र बृहस्पतिपुरोगमाः ।
ज्वलनं तं समासाद्य प्रीताभूवन्सवासवाः ।
पुनर्यथागतं जग्मुः सर्वभक्षश्च सोऽभवत् ॥१९॥

19. devāḥ sarve naravyāghra bṛhaspatipurogamāḥ ,
jvalanaṁ taṁ samāsādya prītābhūvansavāsavāḥ ,
punaryathāgataṁ jagmuḥ sarvabhakṣaśca so'bhavat.

19. devāḥ sarve naravyāghra bṛhaspati
purogamāḥ jvalanaṃ taṃ samāsādya prītāḥ
abhūvan savāsavāḥ punaḥ yathā āgataṃ
jagmuḥ sarvabhakṣaḥ ca saḥ abhavat

19. naravyāghra sarve bṛhaspati purogamāḥ
savāsavāḥ devāḥ taṃ jvalanaṃ samāsādya
prītāḥ abhūvan punaḥ yathā āgataṃ
jagmuḥ ca saḥ sarvabhakṣaḥ abhavat

19. O tiger among men, all the gods, led by Bṛhaspati, became pleased along with Indra after finding that fire. They returned again as they had come, and he (the fire) became the devourer of all.

Words meanings summery:

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

• बृहस्पति (bṛhaspati) - Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods)

• पुरोगमाः (purogamāḥ) - preceded by, having as their leader

• ज्वलनं (jvalanaṁ) - the fire, the flame

• तं (taṁ) - that, him

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having reached, having found

• प्रीताः (prītāḥ) - pleased, delighted

• अभूवन् (abhūvan) - they became, they were

• सवासवाः (savāsavāḥ) - with Indra, together with the Vasus

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• आगतं (āgataṁ) - come, arrived

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went

• सर्वभक्षः (sarvabhakṣaḥ) - devourer of all, omnivorous

• च (ca) - and, also

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was

Words meanings and morphology

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with `devāḥ`.

नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men, excellent man

Tatpuruṣa compound or comparison (Upamita samāsa).

Compound type : upamita samāsa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the listener/reader.

बृहस्पति (bṛhaspati) - Bṛhaspati (the preceptor of the gods)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - Bṛhaspati (preceptor of the gods), lord of prayer

Note: Used as the first element in a compound `bṛhaspatipurogamāḥ`.

पुरोगमाः (purogamāḥ) - preceded by, having as their leader

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of purogama

purogama - going before, preceded by, having as leader

Bahuvrīhi compound: `puras` (before) + `gama` (going).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (puras+gama)

• puras – before, in front, eastward
  indeclinable
• gama – going, moving, leading
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: `bṛhaspatipurogamāḥ` refers to `devāḥ`.

ज्वलनं (jvalanaṁ) - the fire, the flame

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jvalana

jvalana - burning, flaming, fire, flame

Derived from root √jval (to burn, shine).

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Object of `samāsādya`.

तं (taṁ) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `jvalanaṃ`.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having reached, having found

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From root √sad (to sit, go) with upasargas sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Precedes the main verb `abhūvan`.

प्रीताः (prītāḥ) - pleased, delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, beloved, gratified

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √prī (to please, satisfy).

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective for `devāḥ`.

अभूवन् (abhūvan) - they became, they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural

From root √bhū. Imperfect (Laṅ).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb for `devāḥ`.

सवासवाः (savāsavāḥ) - with Indra, together with the Vasus

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of savāsava

savāsava - accompanied by Vasu, with Indra

Bahuvrīhi compound. 'Sa' (with) + 'Vāsava' (Indra).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+vāsava)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• vāsava – Indra, a Vasu (deity)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `devāḥ`.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

Relative adverb.

आगतं (āgataṁ) - come, arrived

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam (to go) with upasarga ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially in `yathāgataṃ` (as they had come).

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Reduplicated perfect form of √gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb for `devāḥ`.

सर्वभक्षः (sarvabhakṣaḥ) - devourer of all, omnivorous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvabhakṣa

sarvabhakṣa - devourer of all, all-consuming, omnivorous

Tatpuruṣa compound: `sarva` (all) + `bhakṣa` (eating, consuming).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+bhakṣa)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhakṣa – eating, food, devourer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √bhakṣ (to eat).
  Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

Note: Predicate adjective for `saḥ`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the two clauses.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Agni.

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root √bhū. Imperfect (Laṅ).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb for `saḥ`.