महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-19, verse-26

हृतोत्तमाङ्गो युधि सात्वतेन पपात भूमौ सह नागराज्ञा ।
यथाद्रिशृङ्गं सुमहत्प्रणुन्नं वज्रेण देवाधिपचोदितेन ॥२६॥

26. hṛtottamāṅgo yudhi sātvatena; papāta bhūmau saha nāgarājñā ,
yathādriśṛṅgaṁ sumahatpraṇunnaṁ; vajreṇa devādhipacoditena.

26. hṛtottamāṅgaḥ yudhi sātvatena papāta bhūmau saha nāgarājñā
yathā adriśṛṅgam sumahat praṇunnam vajreṇa devādhipacoditena

26. yudhi sātvatena hṛtottamāṅgaḥ nāgarājñā saha bhūmau papāta,
yathā devādhipacoditena vajreṇa praṇunnam sumahat adriśṛṅgam

26. With his head severed by Sātyaki in battle, he fell to the ground along with the king of elephants, just as a huge mountain peak, struck down by a thunderbolt (vajra) hurled by the chief of the gods (Indra), would fall.

Words meanings summery:

• हृतोत्तमाङ्गः (hṛtottamāṅgaḥ) - King Śālva, whose head was severed (whose head was taken away, with severed head)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• सात्वतेन (sātvatena) - by Sātyaki (the warrior from the Sātvata clan) (by Sātvata, by Sātyaki)

• पपात (papāta) - he fell down, it fell

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, to the earth

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• नागराज्ञा (nāgarājñā) - with the king of elephants (referring to Śālva's elephant) (with the king of elephants, with the serpent king)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• अद्रिशृङ्गम् (adriśṛṅgam) - a mountain peak

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, huge

• प्रणुन्नम् (praṇunnam) - struck down, impelled, thrown

• वज्रेण (vajreṇa) - by the thunderbolt (vajra)

• देवाधिपचोदितेन (devādhipacoditena) - impelled by Indra (impelled by the chief of the gods, instigated by the lord of the gods)

Words meanings and morphology

हृतोत्तमाङ्गः (hṛtottamāṅgaḥ) - King Śālva, whose head was severed (whose head was taken away, with severed head)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛtottamāṅga

hṛtottamāṅga - one whose head (uttama-aṅga) has been taken (hṛta)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛta+uttama+aṅga)

• hṛta – taken, seized, carried away, severed
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √hṛ (to take, carry) with -ta suffix
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• uttama – highest, foremost, best
  adjective (neuter)
• aṅga – limb, body part; here, often referring to the head as the chief limb
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Śālva.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Note: Adverbial usage.

सात्वतेन (sātvatena) - by Sātyaki (the warrior from the Sātvata clan) (by Sātvata, by Sātyaki)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - a descendant of Sātvata; a name of Sātyaki

Note: Agent of the action of severing.

पपात (papāta) - he fell down, it fell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √pat

Perfect Active

Root √pat (to fall), 3rd person singular perfect active

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Intransitive verb.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, to the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil

Note: Place where the falling occurred.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition governing instrumental case.

नागराज्ञा (nāgarājñā) - with the king of elephants (referring to Śālva's elephant) (with the king of elephants, with the serpent king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nāgarājan

nāgarājan - king of elephants, serpent king

Compound type : tatpurusha (nāga+rājan)

• nāga – serpent, elephant
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Governed by saha.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

अद्रिशृङ्गम् (adriśṛṅgam) - a mountain peak

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adriśṛṅga

adriśṛṅga - mountain peak, summit of a mountain

Compound type : tatpurusha (adri+śṛṅga)

• adri – mountain, rock
  noun (masculine)
• śṛṅga – horn, peak, summit
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of comparison.

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, huge

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, huge

Prefix su- (very, well) + mahat (great)

Compound type : tatpurusha (implied adverbial) (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Modifies adriśṛṅgam.

प्रणुन्नम् (praṇunnam) - struck down, impelled, thrown

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of praṇunna

praṇunna - impelled, struck, thrown, pushed forward

Past Passive Participle

From √nud (to push, impel) with pra (forward, forth) + -na (ppp suffix), n-vṛddhi

Prefix: pra

Root: nud (class 6)

Note: Modifies adriśṛṅgam.

वज्रेण (vajreṇa) - by the thunderbolt (vajra)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vajra

vajra - thunderbolt, diamond

Note: Instrument of praṇunnam.

देवाधिपचोदितेन (devādhipacoditena) - impelled by Indra (impelled by the chief of the gods, instigated by the lord of the gods)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of devādhipacodita

devādhipacodita - impelled by the lord of gods

Past Passive Participle (implied)

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+adhipa+codita)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, chief, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• codita – impelled, instigated, hurled
  participle (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √cud (to impel, incite) + -ita (ppp suffix)
  Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Modifies vajreṇa.