महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-19, verse-14

ततोऽपरान्पञ्च शितान्महात्मा नाराचमुख्यान्विससर्ज कुम्भे ।
स तैस्तु विद्धः परमद्विपो रणे तदा परावृत्य भृशं प्रदुद्रुवे ॥१४॥

14. tato'parānpañca śitānmahātmā; nārācamukhyānvisasarja kumbhe ,
sa taistu viddhaḥ paramadvipo raṇe; tadā parāvṛtya bhṛśaṁ pradudruve.

14. tataḥ aparān pañca śitān mahātmā
nārācamukhyān visasarja kumbhe saḥ
taiḥ tu viddhaḥ paramadvipaḥ raṇe
tadā parāvṛtya bhṛśam pradudruve

14. tataḥ mahātmā aparān pañca śitān
nārācamukhyān kumbhe visasarja saḥ
paramadvipaḥ tu taiḥ viddhaḥ raṇe
tadā parāvṛtya bhṛśam pradudruve

14. Then, the great-souled (mahātman) one discharged five other keen, principal iron arrows (nārāca) at the elephant's temple. That supreme elephant (paramadvipa), wounded by them in battle, then turned back and fled swiftly.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• अपरान् (aparān) - other, subsequent, additional

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• शितान् (śitān) - sharpened, keen

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - The great-souled one, referring to Salva. (great-souled, noble-minded)

• नाराचमुख्यान् (nārācamukhyān) - chief among iron arrows, principal iron arrows

• विससर्ज (visasarja) - he discharged, sent forth, released

• कुम्भे (kumbhe) - At the temple of the elephant. (in the temple (of an elephant), in a pot/jar)

• सः (saḥ) - That elephant. (he, that)

• तैः (taiḥ) - By those (arrows). (by those)

• तु (tu) - Emphasizes the consequence. (but, indeed, however)

• विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - pierced, struck, wounded

• परमद्विपः (paramadvipaḥ) - supreme elephant, excellent elephant

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• परावृत्य (parāvṛtya) - having turned back, having retreated

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, swiftly, excessively

• प्रदुद्रुवे (pradudruve) - he fled away, ran off

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

अपरान् (aparān) - other, subsequent, additional

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

Note: Used with accusative plural.

शितान् (śitān) - sharpened, keen

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharpened, keen, whetted

Past Passive Participle

From root śo (to sharpen).

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Functions as an adjective.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - The great-souled one, referring to Salva. (great-souled, noble-minded)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, a great being (ātman)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

नाराचमुख्यान् (nārācamukhyān) - chief among iron arrows, principal iron arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nārācamukhya

nārācamukhya - chief of iron arrows, principal iron arrows

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nārāca+mukhya)

• nārāca – iron arrow, arrow made entirely of iron
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from mukha (face, front).

विससर्ज (visasarja) - he discharged, sent forth, released

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of sṛj

Perfect, 3rd person singular

Root sṛj (to let go, discharge) with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

कुम्भे (kumbhe) - At the temple of the elephant. (in the temple (of an elephant), in a pot/jar)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kumbha

kumbha - pot, jar, frontal globe of an elephant's head (temple)

सः (saḥ) - That elephant. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the elephant.

तैः (taiḥ) - By those (arrows). (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the arrows.

तु (tu) - Emphasizes the consequence. (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - pierced, struck, wounded

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

Past Passive Participle

From root vyadh (to pierce).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Functions as an adjective.

परमद्विपः (paramadvipaḥ) - supreme elephant, excellent elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramadvipa

paramadvipa - excellent elephant, supreme elephant

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (parama+dvipa)

• parama – supreme, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• dvipa – elephant (lit. 'two-drinker')
  noun (masculine)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From tad + suffix dā.

परावृत्य (parāvṛtya) - having turned back, having retreated

(indeclinable participle)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, swiftly, excessively

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular of bhṛśa used adverbially.

प्रदुद्रुवे (pradudruve) - he fled away, ran off

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of dru

Perfect, 3rd person singular (Atmanepada)

Root dru (to run), with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)