महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-99, verse-8

तेऽपतन्त हतास्तूर्णं शिनिप्रवरसायकैः ।
महामारुतवेगेन रुग्णा इव महाद्रुमाः ॥८॥

8. te'patanta hatāstūrṇaṁ śinipravarasāyakaiḥ ,
mahāmārutavegena rugṇā iva mahādrumāḥ.

8. te apatanta hatāḥ tūrṇam śinipravarasāyakaiḥ
mahāmārutavegena rugṇāḥ iva mahādrumāḥ

8. śinipravarasāyakaiḥ hatāḥ te tūrṇam apatanta,
mahāmārutavegena rugṇāḥ mahādrumāḥ iva

8. Struck by the arrows of the foremost of the Śinis (Sātyaki), they fell swiftly, like mighty trees shattered by the force of a great wind.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they

• अपतन्त (apatanta) - they fell

• हताः (hatāḥ) - struck, killed, wounded

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

• शिनिप्रवरसायकैः (śinipravarasāyakaiḥ) - Refers to Sātyaki's arrows, as he was the foremost (pravara) among the Śinis. (by the arrows of the chief of the Śinis)

• महामारुतवेगेन (mahāmārutavegena) - by the force/speed of a great wind, by a mighty storm

• रुग्णाः (rugṇāḥ) - broken, shattered

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• महाद्रुमाः (mahādrumāḥ) - great trees, mighty trees

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपतन्त (apatanta) - they fell

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The initial 'a' is the augment for the imperfect tense, not an upasarga.

हताः (hatāḥ) - struck, killed, wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of han

han - to strike, to kill

past passive participle

Root: han (class 2)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb here.

शिनिप्रवरसायकैः (śinipravarasāyakaiḥ) - Refers to Sātyaki's arrows, as he was the foremost (pravara) among the Śinis. (by the arrows of the chief of the Śinis)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śinipravarasāyaka

śinipravarasāyaka - arrow of the foremost of the Śinis

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śini+pravara+sāyaka)

• śini – Śini (name of an ancestor)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pravara – chief, excellent, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
• sāyaka – arrow
  noun (masculine)

महामारुतवेगेन (mahāmārutavegena) - by the force/speed of a great wind, by a mighty storm

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahāmārutavega

mahāmārutavega - force of a great wind

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+māruta+vega)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• māruta – wind, air, Marut (deity of wind)
  noun (masculine)
• vega – speed, force, impetus
  noun (masculine)

रुग्णाः (rugṇāḥ) - broken, shattered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ruj

ruj - to break, to injure, to pain

past passive participle

Root: ruj (class 6)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

महाद्रुमाः (mahādrumāḥ) - great trees, mighty trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahādruma

mahādruma - great tree

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+druma)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)