महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-99, verse-11

ते वध्यमानाः समरे युयुधानेन तावकाः ।
त्रातारं नाध्यगच्छन्त पङ्कमग्ना इव द्विपाः ॥११॥

11. te vadhyamānāḥ samare yuyudhānena tāvakāḥ ,
trātāraṁ nādhyagacchanta paṅkamagnā iva dvipāḥ.

11. te vadhyamānāḥ samare yuyudhānena tāvakāḥ
trātāram na adhyagacchanta paṅkamagnāḥ iva dvipāḥ

11. tāvakāḥ te yuyudhānena samare vadhyamānāḥ
paṅkamagnāḥ dvipāḥ iva trātāram na adhyagacchanta

11. Your warriors, being slaughtered in battle by Yuyudhāna, found no protector, just like elephants stuck in mud.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those, they

• वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being slain, being killed

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• युयुधानेन (yuyudhānena) - by Yuyudhāna (Satyaki) (by Yuyudhāna)

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra's warriors (your men, your warriors)

• त्रातारम् (trātāram) - a protector, a rescuer

• न (na) - not

• अध्यगच्छन्त (adhyagacchanta) - they found, they reached

• पङ्कमग्नाः (paṅkamagnāḥ) - stuck in mud, sunk in mud

• इव (iva) - like, as

• द्विपाः (dvipāḥ) - elephants

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, they

Note: Refers to 'tāvakāḥ'.

वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being slain, being killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being struck

Present Passive Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from the passive base of root 'han' (vadh) with the 'māna' suffix. Root 'han' is class 2.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'tāvakāḥ'.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

युयुधानेन (yuyudhānena) - by Yuyudhāna (Satyaki) (by Yuyudhāna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yuyudhāna

yuyudhāna - Yuyudhāna (Satyaki, a Vṛṣṇi hero)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'vadhyamānāḥ'.

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra's warriors (your men, your warriors)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you (plural, referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's side)

Note: The main subject of the sentence.

त्रातारम् (trātāram) - a protector, a rescuer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of trātṛ

trātṛ - protector, rescuer, deliverer

Agent noun from root 'trā' (to protect).

Root: trā

Note: Object of 'adhyagacchanta'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb.

अध्यगच्छन्त (adhyagacchanta) - they found, they reached

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of adhigam

Imperfect

From prefix 'adhi-' + root 'gam' (class 1), imperfect third person plural middle voice ending. Root 'gam' is usually parasmaipada, but can take ātmanepada endings in certain contexts or with certain upasargas.

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'tāvakāḥ'.

पङ्कमग्नाः (paṅkamagnāḥ) - stuck in mud, sunk in mud

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paṅkamagna

paṅkamagna - sunk in mud

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'paṅka' and 'magna' (past passive participle from root maj).

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (paṅka+magna)

• paṅka – mud, mire
  noun (masculine)
• magna – sunk, immersed, plunged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root maj (to sink) + kta suffix.
  Root: maj (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'dvipāḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison.

द्विपाः (dvipāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvipa

dvipa - elephant (lit. 'two-drinker')

Note: Comparison subject, corresponding to 'tāvakāḥ'.