महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-99, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततो दुःशासनो राजञ्शैनेयं समुपाद्रवत् ।
किरञ्शरसहस्राणि पर्जन्य इव वृष्टिमान् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tato duḥśāsano rājañśaineyaṁ samupādravat ,
kirañśarasahasrāṇi parjanya iva vṛṣṭimān.

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca tataḥ duḥśāsanaḥ rājan śaineyam
samupādravat kiran śarasahasrāṇi parjanyaḥ iva vṛṣṭimān

1. sañjayaḥ uvāca: rājan,
tataḥ duḥśāsanaḥ vṛṣṭimān parjanyaḥ iva śarasahasrāṇi kiran,
śaineyam samupādravat.

1. Sañjaya said: "Then, O King, Duḥśāsana attacked Śini's son (Sātyaki), showering thousands of arrows like a rain-bearing cloud."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• शैनेयम् (śaineyam) - to Sātyaki (who was the son of Śini) (to the son of Śini)

• समुपाद्रवत् (samupādravat) - attacked, rushed upon, charged

• किरन् (kiran) - showering (arrows) (showering, scattering, throwing)

• शरसहस्राणि (śarasahasrāṇi) - thousands of arrows

• पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - rain-cloud, cloud

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• वृष्टिमान् (vṛṣṭimān) - rain-bearing (cloud) (rainy, showering rain, possessing rain)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (proper name, the charioteer and narrator to Dhritarashtra)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Tense

Derived from root √vac (to speak, say)

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (proper name, one of the Kaurava brothers)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

शैनेयम् (śaineyam) - to Sātyaki (who was the son of Śini) (to the son of Śini)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - son of Śini; an epithet for Sātyaki

Patronymic from Śini

समुपाद्रवत् (samupādravat) - attacked, rushed upon, charged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samupādravat

Imperfect Tense

Derived from root √dru (to run) with sam-upa- prefixes

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: dru (class 1)

किरन् (kiran) - showering (arrows) (showering, scattering, throwing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kiran

kiran - showering, scattering, throwing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √kṛ (to scatter, throw)

Root: kṛ (class 6)

शरसहस्राणि (śarasahasrāṇi) - thousands of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śarasahasra

śarasahasra - a thousand arrows

Compound: śara (arrow) + sahasra (thousand)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+sahasra)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – a thousand
  noun (neuter)

पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - rain-cloud, cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parjanya

parjanya - rain-cloud, god of rain

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

वृष्टिमान् (vṛṣṭimān) - rain-bearing (cloud) (rainy, showering rain, possessing rain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛṣṭimat

vṛṣṭimat - rainy, full of rain, showering rain

Derived from vṛṣṭi (rain) with -mat suffix