महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-45, verse-9

तमन्वगेवास्य पिता पुत्रगृद्धी न्यवर्तत ।
अनु दुर्योधनं चान्ये न्यवर्तन्त महारथाः ॥९॥

9. tamanvagevāsya pitā putragṛddhī nyavartata ,
anu duryodhanaṁ cānye nyavartanta mahārathāḥ.

9. tam anuga eva asya pitā putragṛddhī nyavartata
anu duryodhanam ca anye nyavartanta mahārathāḥ

9. asya pitā putragṛddhī tam anuga eva nyavartata
ca anye mahārathāḥ duryodhanam anu nyavartanta

9. His father, devoted to his son (Lakshmana), immediately turned back after him. And other great chariot-warriors retreated, following Duryodhana.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Lakshmana (him)

• अनुग (anuga) - following, going after

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, immediately

• अस्य (asya) - referring to Lakshmana (his)

• पिता (pitā) - Duryodhana (father)

• पुत्रगृद्धी (putragṛddhī) - eager for his son, devoted to his son

• न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - he turned back, he retreated

• अनु (anu) - after, along, following

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

• च (ca) - and

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• न्यवर्तन्त (nyavartanta) - they turned back, they retreated

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot-warriors, great heroes

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Lakshmana (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अनुग (anuga) - following, going after

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuga

anuga - following, going after, attending

From prefix anu and root gam (to go)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (anu+ga)

• anu – after, along, following
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving, a goer
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, immediately

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - referring to Lakshmana (his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

पिता (pitā) - Duryodhana (father)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

पुत्रगृद्धी (putragṛddhī) - eager for his son, devoted to his son

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putragṛddhi

putragṛddhi - eager for one's son, devoted to one's son

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (putra+gṛddhi)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• gṛddhi – desire, eagerness, greed
  noun (feminine)

न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - he turned back, he retreated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of ni-vṛt

Imperfect 3rd singular middle of √vṛt with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अनु (anu) - after, along, following

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, eldest of the Kauravas)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

न्यवर्तन्त (nyavartanta) - they turned back, they retreated

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of ni-vṛt

Imperfect 3rd plural middle of √vṛt with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot-warriors, great heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a great hero (one who can fight 10,000 warriors)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• ratha – chariot, car, warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)

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