महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-45, verse-7
अभिद्रुताः सुसंक्रुद्धाः सौभद्रमपराजितम् ।
तेऽपि पौत्रेण ते राजन्प्रायशो विमुखीकृताः ॥७॥
तेऽपि पौत्रेण ते राजन्प्रायशो विमुखीकृताः ॥७॥
7. abhidrutāḥ susaṁkruddhāḥ saubhadramaparājitam ,
te'pi pautreṇa te rājanprāyaśo vimukhīkṛtāḥ.
te'pi pautreṇa te rājanprāyaśo vimukhīkṛtāḥ.
7.
abhidrutāḥ susaṃkruddhāḥ saubhadram aparājitam
te api pautreṇa te rājan prāyaśaḥ vimukhīkṛtāḥ
te api pautreṇa te rājan prāyaśaḥ vimukhīkṛtāḥ
7.
(te) susaṃkruddhāḥ (santāḥ) aparājitam saubhadram abhidrutāḥ rājan,
te api te pautreṇa prāyaśaḥ vimukhīkṛtāḥ (āsan)
te api te pautreṇa prāyaśaḥ vimukhīkṛtāḥ (āsan)
7.
(These leaders), very enraged, rushed towards the unconquered son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu). But even they, O King, were for the most part repulsed by your grandson (Abhimanyu).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अभिद्रुताः (abhidrutāḥ) - the listed warriors rushed towards Abhimanyu (rushed upon, attacked, assailed)
- सुसंक्रुद्धाः (susaṁkruddhāḥ) - the leaders were very angry at the sight of their routed army (very enraged, extremely angry)
- सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - to Abhimanyu, son of Subhadra and Arjuna (to Subhadra's son)
- अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - describing Abhimanyu's formidable skill in battle (unconquered, undefeated)
- ते (te) - referring to the listed warriors: Drona, Drauni, etc. (they, those)
- अपि (api) - emphasizing that even these great warriors were affected (even, also)
- पौत्रेण (pautreṇa) - by Abhimanyu, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's grandson (as spoken by Sanjaya) (by the grandson)
- ते (te) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's grandson (Abhimanyu) (your)
- राजन् (rājan) - vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sanjaya (O King)
- प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - mostly, for the most part, generally
- विमुखीकृताः (vimukhīkṛtāḥ) - they were forced to retreat or turn away from Abhimanyu (repulsed, turned away, made to turn their backs)
Words meanings and morphology
अभिद्रुताः (abhidrutāḥ) - the listed warriors rushed towards Abhimanyu (rushed upon, attacked, assailed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of abhidruta
abhidruta - rushed, assailed, attacked
past passive participle
from root 'dru' (to run) with prefix 'abhi'
Prefix: abhi
Root: dru (class 1)
सुसंक्रुद्धाः (susaṁkruddhāḥ) - the leaders were very angry at the sight of their routed army (very enraged, extremely angry)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of susaṃkruddha
susaṁkruddha - very enraged
Compound type : tatpurusha (su+saṃkruddha)
- su – well, good, very, intensely
indeclinable - saṃkruddha – enraged, angry, furious
adjective (masculine)
past passive participle
from root 'krudh' (to be angry) with prefix 'sam'
Prefix: sam
Root: krudh (class 4)
सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - to Abhimanyu, son of Subhadra and Arjuna (to Subhadra's son)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of saubhadra
saubhadra - son of Subhadra
patronymic from Subhadra
अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - describing Abhimanyu's formidable skill in battle (unconquered, undefeated)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of aparājita
aparājita - unconquered, undefeated
past passive participle (negative)
negative of 'parājita' (conquered), from root 'ji' (to conquer) with prefixes 'parā' and 'a'
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+parājita)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable - parājita – conquered, defeated
adjective (masculine)
past passive participle
from root 'ji' (to conquer) with prefix 'parā'
Prefix: parā
Root: ji (class 1)
ते (te) - referring to the listed warriors: Drona, Drauni, etc. (they, those)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
अपि (api) - emphasizing that even these great warriors were affected (even, also)
(indeclinable)
पौत्रेण (pautreṇa) - by Abhimanyu, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's grandson (as spoken by Sanjaya) (by the grandson)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of pautra
pautra - grandson
ते (te) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's grandson (Abhimanyu) (your)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (pronoun)
राजन् (rājan) - vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sanjaya (O King)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - mostly, for the most part, generally
(indeclinable)
adverbial formation from 'prāya'
विमुखीकृताः (vimukhīkṛtāḥ) - they were forced to retreat or turn away from Abhimanyu (repulsed, turned away, made to turn their backs)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vimukhīkṛta
vimukhīkṛta - repulsed, turned away
past passive participle (compound)
from 'vimukhīkṛ' (to turn away, repel), a denominative verb from 'vimukha' (averted face) + 'kṛ'
Compound type : tatpurusha (vimukhī+kṛta)
- vimukha – having face averted, turned away
adjective (masculine)
Prefix: vi - kṛta – done, made
adjective (masculine)
past passive participle
from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)