महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-45, verse-21

आवव्रुस्तस्य पन्थानं गजानीकेन दंशिताः ।
कलिङ्गाश्च निषादाश्च क्राथपुत्रश्च वीर्यवान् ।
तत्प्रसक्तमिवात्यर्थं युद्धमासीद्विशां पते ॥२१॥

21. āvavrustasya panthānaṁ gajānīkena daṁśitāḥ ,
kaliṅgāśca niṣādāśca krāthaputraśca vīryavān ,
tatprasaktamivātyarthaṁ yuddhamāsīdviśāṁ pate.

21. āvavruḥ tasya panthānam gajānīkena
daṃśitāḥ kaliṅgāḥ ca niṣādāḥ ca
krāthaputraḥ ca vīryavān tat prasaktam
iva atyartham yuddham āsīt viśām pate

21. viśām pate daṃśitāḥ kaliṅgāḥ ca
niṣādāḥ ca vīryavān krāthaputraḥ ca
gajānīkena tasya panthānam āvavruḥ tat
yuddham iva atyartham prasaktam āsīt

21. O lord of the people (viśāṃ pate), the armored Kalingas, Niṣādas, and the powerful son of Krātha, with an army of elephants, surrounded his path. That battle became exceedingly fierce, as if completely engaged.

Words meanings summery:

• आवव्रुः (āvavruḥ) - they surrounded, they covered

• तस्य (tasya) - of Abhimanyu (his, of him)

• पन्थानम् (panthānam) - path, road

• गजानीकेन (gajānīkena) - with an elephant army

• दंशिताः (daṁśitāḥ) - armored, mailed, equipped

• कलिङ्गाः (kaliṅgāḥ) - the Kalingas (people from Kalinga country)

• च (ca) - and

• निषादाः (niṣādāḥ) - the Niṣādas (a tribal people)

• च (ca) - and

• क्राथपुत्रः (krāthaputraḥ) - son of Krātha

• च (ca) - and

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, strong

• तत् (tat) - that battle (that, it)

• प्रसक्तम् (prasaktam) - engaged, sticking to, closely connected

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, very much

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• आसीत् (āsīt) - it was, there was

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of subjects

• पते (pate) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

आवव्रुः (āvavruḥ) - they surrounded, they covered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of ā-vṛ

Perfect

3rd person plural, active voice, parasmaipada

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

तस्य (tasya) - of Abhimanyu (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पन्थानम् (panthānam) - path, road

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

गजानीकेन (gajānīkena) - with an elephant army

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of gajānīka

gajānīka - elephant army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaja+anīka)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host
  noun (neuter)

दंशिताः (daṁśitāḥ) - armored, mailed, equipped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daṃśita

daṁśita - armored, mailed, bitten

Past Passive Participle

From root daṃś (to bite, to arm) + kta

Root: daṃś (class 1)

कलिङ्गाः (kaliṅgāḥ) - the Kalingas (people from Kalinga country)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaliṅga

kaliṅga - Kalinga (ancient kingdom and its people)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निषादाः (niṣādāḥ) - the Niṣādas (a tribal people)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niṣāda

niṣāda - Niṣāda (a tribal community or class of people, often associated with hunting and forest dwelling)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

क्राथपुत्रः (krāthaputraḥ) - son of Krātha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krāthaputra

krāthaputra - son of Krātha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krātha+putra)

• krātha – Krātha (a proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, strong, heroic

Derived from vīrya (valor) + matup suffix

तत् (tat) - that battle (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रसक्तम् (prasaktam) - engaged, sticking to, closely connected

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prasakta

prasakta - engaged, attached, closely connected, stuck

Past Passive Participle

From root pra-sañj (to cling to, to be attached) + kta

Prefix: pra

Root: sañj (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, very much

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding
  indeclinable
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (used nominally)

From root yudh (to fight) + kta

Root: yudh (class 4)

आसीत् (āsīt) - it was, there was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

3rd person singular, active voice, parasmaipada

Root: as (class 2)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subject, community

पते (pate) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, protector