महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-139, verse-28

इत्युक्त्वा भरतश्रेष्ठ पुत्रो दुर्योधनस्तव ।
व्यादिदेश ततः सैन्यं तस्मिंस्तमसि दारुणे ॥२८॥

28. ityuktvā bharataśreṣṭha putro duryodhanastava ,
vyādideśa tataḥ sainyaṁ tasmiṁstamasi dāruṇe.

28. iti uktvā bharataśreṣṭha putraḥ duryodhanaḥ tava
vyādideśa tataḥ sainyam tasmin tamasi dāruṇe

28. bharataśreṣṭha tava putraḥ duryodhanaḥ iti uktvā
tataḥ tasmin dāruṇe tamasi sainyam vyādideśa

28. Having spoken thus, your son Duryodhana, O best among the Bharatas, then commanded the army in that terrible darkness.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best among the Bharatas (O best of Bharatas, O most excellent Bharata)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - commanded (commanded, ordered, instructed)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (in that, on that)

• तमसि (tamasi) - in darkness (in darkness, in gloom)

• दारुणे (dāruṇe) - terrible (terrible, fierce, dreadful)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best among the Bharatas (O best of Bharatas, O most excellent Bharata)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best among the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a Bharata
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative degree of praśasya
  Root: praśas

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Root: pū (class 1)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name), difficult to fight

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult
  prefix/indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, a fighter
  noun (masculine)
  from root yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - commanded (commanded, ordered, instructed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vy-ā-diś

perfect active

perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

from senā

Note: Refers to Duryodhana's army.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तमसि (tamasi) - in darkness (in darkness, in gloom)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom

Root: tam (class 4)

Note: The battle is taking place at night.

दारुणे (dāruṇe) - terrible (terrible, fierce, dreadful)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - terrible, dreadful, fierce, hard

Root: dāru

Note: Agrees with 'tamasi' in gender, number, and case.