महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-139, verse-14

ददाह च शरैर्द्रोणः पाञ्चालानां रथव्रजान् ।
धूमकेतुरिव क्रुद्धः स कथं मृत्युमीयिवान् ॥१४॥

14. dadāha ca śarairdroṇaḥ pāñcālānāṁ rathavrajān ,
dhūmaketuriva kruddhaḥ sa kathaṁ mṛtyumīyivān.

14. dadāha ca śaraiḥ droṇaḥ pāñcālānām rathavrajān
dhūmaketūḥ iva kruddhaḥ sa katham mṛtyum īyivān

14. droṇaḥ kruddhaḥ dhūmaketūḥ iva ca śaraiḥ pāñcālānām
rathavrajān dadāha sa katham mṛtyum īyivān

14. And Droṇa, enraged like a comet, burned the arrays of Pāñcāla chariots with his arrows. How then did he meet his death?

Words meanings summery:

• ददाह (dadāha) - burned, consumed by fire

• च (ca) - and, also

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

• पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - of the Pāñcālas, belonging to the Pāñcālas

• रथव्रजान् (rathavrajān) - chariot arrays, throngs of chariots

• धूमकेतूः (dhūmaketūḥ) - a comet

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry, furious

• स (sa) - he, that

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

• ईयिवान् (īyivān) - having gone, having obtained, having reached

Words meanings and morphology

ददाह (dadāha) - burned, consumed by fire

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dah

Perfect Active

reduplicated perfect, 3rd singular

Root: dah (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a warrior and preceptor); a measure of capacity

पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - of the Pāñcālas, belonging to the Pāñcālas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king or person from the Pāñcāla country; of Pāñcāla

derived from Pañcāla (name of a country and its people)

रथव्रजान् (rathavrajān) - chariot arrays, throngs of chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rathavraja

rathavraja - a multitude or array of chariots

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+vraja)

• ratha – chariot, war-car
  noun (masculine)
• vraja – herd, flock, multitude, array
  noun (masculine)

धूमकेतूः (dhūmaketūḥ) - a comet

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhūmaketu

dhūmaketu - comet (lit. 'smoke-bannered'); a symbol of calamity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhūma+ketu)

• dhūma – smoke, vapor
  noun (masculine)
• ketu – banner, flag, sign, mark, comet
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

derived from root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, mortality, the god of death (Yama)

derived from root mṛ (to die)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

ईयिवान् (īyivān) - having gone, having obtained, having reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of i

i - to go, move, walk, approach, obtain, reach

Perfect Active Participle (vasu-pratyaya)

derived from root i

Root: i (class 2)