महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-139, verse-19

त्रिगर्तानां च ये शूरा हतशिष्टा महारथाः ।
तांश्चैव सर्वान्पुत्रस्ते समचोदयदग्रतः ॥१९॥

19. trigartānāṁ ca ye śūrā hataśiṣṭā mahārathāḥ ,
tāṁścaiva sarvānputraste samacodayadagrataḥ.

19. trigartānām ca ye śūrāḥ hataśiṣṭāḥ mahārathāḥ
tān ca eva sarvān putraḥ te samacodayat agrataḥ

19. te putraḥ ca ye trigartānām śūrāḥ hataśiṣṭāḥ
mahārathāḥ tān sarvān eva agrataḥ samacodayat

19. And your son incited all those valiant great charioteers of the Trigartas who had survived the slaughter, urging them to the front.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रिगर्तानाम् (trigartānām) - the warriors belonging to the Trigarta kingdom (of the Trigartas (a people/country))

• च (ca) - and, also

• ये (ye) - who, which

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, valiant; heroes

• हतशिष्टाः (hataśiṣṭāḥ) - surviving after being killed, remaining from slaughter

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, mighty warriors

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Duryodhana, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the speaker's son) (son)

• ते (te) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your (singular))

• समचोदयत् (samacodayat) - he urged on, incited, directed

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, at the head, forward

Words meanings and morphology

त्रिगर्तानाम् (trigartānām) - the warriors belonging to the Trigarta kingdom (of the Trigartas (a people/country))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of trigarta

trigarta - a country or its people (often associated with 'three pits' or valleys); name of a kingdom

Note: Possessive case, indicating origin or belonging.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

ये (ye) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, whatever

Note: Refers to `śūrāḥ` and `mahārathāḥ`.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave, valiant; heroes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic; a hero, warrior

Note: Qualifies `mahārathāḥ`.

हतशिष्टाः (hataśiṣṭāḥ) - surviving after being killed, remaining from slaughter

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hataśiṣṭa

hataśiṣṭa - remaining after being killed, surviving a massacre

Compound type : karmadhāraya (hata+śiṣṭa)

• hata – killed, struck down, destroyed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• śiṣṭa – remaining, left over, disciplined
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root śiṣ (to leave, remain).
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Qualifies `mahārathāḥ`.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, mighty warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior, a warrior fighting from a chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Shortened form of mahat (great), used in compounds.
• ratha – chariot, a warrior on a chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, him, her, it

Note: Object of `samacodayat`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizer.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with `tān`.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - Duryodhana, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the speaker's son) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Subject of `samacodayat`.

ते (te) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (your (singular))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

Dative/Genitive singular enclitic form of the pronoun 'you' (tvad). Here, used possessively.

Note: Pronominal adjective modifying `putraḥ`.

समचोदयत् (samacodayat) - he urged on, incited, directed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of cud

Causative

Causative form of root cud, in the imperfect tense (laṅ), third person singular, active voice. Prefixes sam (together, completely) + ā (towards).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: cud (class 10)

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front, at the head, forward

(indeclinable)

Formed from agra (front, tip) with the suffix -tas.

Note: Denotes direction or position.