महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-119, verse-23

न ज्ञातिमवमन्यन्ते वृद्धानां शासने रताः ।
न देवासुरगन्धर्वा न यक्षोरगराक्षसाः ।
जेतारो वृष्णिवीराणां न पुनर्मानुषा रणे ॥२३॥

23. na jñātimavamanyante vṛddhānāṁ śāsane ratāḥ ,
na devāsuragandharvā na yakṣoragarākṣasāḥ ,
jetāro vṛṣṇivīrāṇāṁ na punarmānuṣā raṇe.

23. na jñātim avamanyante vṛddhānām
śāsane ratāḥ na devāsuragandharvāḥ
na yakṣoragarākṣasāḥ jetāraḥ
vṛṣṇivīrāṇām na punaḥ mānuṣāḥ raṇe

23. vṛddhānām śāsane ratāḥ (te) jñātim
na avamanyante devāsuragandharvāḥ
na yakṣoragarākṣasāḥ na punaḥ
mānuṣāḥ ca raṇe vṛṣṇivīrāṇām jetāraḥ na

23. They do not disrespect their kinsmen, being devoted to the commands of their elders. Neither gods, demons, or Gandharvas, nor Yakshas, Uragas, or Rakshasas can conquer the Vrishni heroes; how much less so mere humans in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• ज्ञातिम् (jñātim) - their own kinsmen (kinsman, relative)

• अवमन्यन्ते (avamanyante) - they disrespect, despise, slight

• वृद्धानाम् (vṛddhānām) - of the elders, of the old ones

• शासने (śāsane) - in the instruction or counsel of the elders (in command, in instruction, in rule)

• रताः (ratāḥ) - dedicated to (devoted, engaged, pleased, fond of)

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• देवासुरगन्धर्वाः (devāsuragandharvāḥ) - gods, demons, and Gandharvas

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• यक्षोरगराक्षसाः (yakṣoragarākṣasāḥ) - Yakshas, Uragas, and Rakshasas

• जेतारः (jetāraḥ) - conquerors, victors

• वृष्णिवीराणाम् (vṛṣṇivīrāṇām) - of the Vrishni heroes

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• पुनः (punaḥ) - how much more so (in a rhetorical sense) (again, moreover, but, on the contrary)

• मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - mere humans (humans, men)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

ज्ञातिम् (jñātim) - their own kinsmen (kinsman, relative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jñāti

jñāti - kinsman, relative, family, tribe

From root √jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of `avamanyante`.

अवमन्यन्ते (avamanyante) - they disrespect, despise, slight

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of avaman

Present Middle

Root √man (to think) with upasarga ava-.

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

Note: The implied subject is the Vrishni heroes.

वृद्धानाम् (vṛddhānām) - of the elders, of the old ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, expanded, wise, an elder

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛdh (to grow).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `śāsane`.

शासने (śāsane) - in the instruction or counsel of the elders (in command, in instruction, in rule)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - command, instruction, rule, governance, teaching, scripture

Derived from root √śās (to rule, to command, to teach).

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Governs `ratāḥ`.

रताः (ratāḥ) - dedicated to (devoted, engaged, pleased, fond of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rata

rata - delighted, pleased, engaged in, devoted to, fond of

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √ram (to delight, to sport).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for the implied subject (Vrishni heroes).

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

देवासुरगन्धर्वाः (devāsuragandharvāḥ) - gods, demons, and Gandharvas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devāsuragandharva

devāsuragandharva - gods, demons, and Gandharvas (celestial musicians)

Compound type : dvandva (deva+asura+gandharva)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• asura – demon, anti-god, spirit, lord
  noun (masculine)
  Root: as (class 2)
• gandharva – a Gandharva, celestial musician or spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject for negation with `jetāraḥ`.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

यक्षोरगराक्षसाः (yakṣoragarākṣasāḥ) - Yakshas, Uragas, and Rakshasas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yakṣoragarākṣasa

yakṣoragarākṣasa - Yakshas (nature-spirits), Uragas (serpents), and Rakshasas (demons)

Compound type : dvandva (yakṣa+uraga+rākṣasa)

• yakṣa – a Yaksha, a class of demigods, often guardians of wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yakṣ (class 1)
• uraga – a serpent, snake (literally 'chest-goer')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of `uras` (chest) + `ga` (going).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• rākṣasa – a Rakshasa, a demon, an evil being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject for negation with `jetāraḥ`.

जेतारः (jetāraḥ) - conquerors, victors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jetṛ

jetṛ - a conqueror, victor, subduer

Agent Noun

Derived from root √ji (to conquer) with agent suffix -tṛ.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicate for `devasuragandharvāḥ`, `yakṣoragarākṣasāḥ`, and `mānuṣāḥ`.

वृष्णिवीराणाम् (vṛṣṇivīrāṇām) - of the Vrishni heroes

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vṛṣṇivīra

vṛṣṇivīra - a hero of the Vrishni clan, a brave Vrishni

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛṣṇi+vīra)

• vṛṣṇi – Vrishni (name of a Yadava clan), a man of the Vrishni race
  proper noun (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave man, warrior, valiant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `jetāraḥ` (conquerors *of*).

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - how much more so (in a rhetorical sense) (again, moreover, but, on the contrary)

(indeclinable)

मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - mere humans (humans, men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānuṣa

mānuṣa - human, pertaining to man, a man, mankind

Derived from manu (man) with suffix -ṣa.

Note: Subject for negation with `jetāraḥ`.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict, sound

From root √raṇ (to sound, to rejoice, to fight).

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Specifies the sphere of the action.