महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-119, verse-19

स तेन वरदानेन लब्धवान्भूरिदक्षिणम् ।
न्यपातयच्च समरे सौमदत्तिः शिनेः सुतम् ॥१९॥

19. sa tena varadānena labdhavānbhūridakṣiṇam ,
nyapātayacca samare saumadattiḥ śineḥ sutam.

19. saḥ tena varadānena labdhavān bhūridakṣiṇam
nyapātayat ca samare saumadattiḥ śineḥ sutam

19. saḥ tena varadānena bhūridakṣiṇam labdhavān
ca samare saumadattiḥ śineḥ sutam nyapātayat

19. He (Somadatta), by that boon, obtained Bhūridakṣiṇa; and Somadatti, in battle, struck down Śini's son.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Somadatta (he, that)

• तेन (tena) - by that (boon) (by that, with that)

• वरदानेन (varadānena) - by the gift of a boon, by the boon given

• लब्धवान् (labdhavān) - obtained, received, gained

• भूरिदक्षिणम् (bhūridakṣiṇam) - the son named Bhūridakṣiṇa (one who gives ample gifts, name of a son)

• न्यपातयत् (nyapātayat) - struck down, caused to fall, killed

• च (ca) - and, also

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - Bhūriśravas, the son of Somadatta (son of Somadatta)

• शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Śini

• सुतम् (sutam) - the son of Śini (son, offspring)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Somadatta (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Somadatta.

तेन (tena) - by that (boon) (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the boon mentioned in the previous verse.

वरदानेन (varadānena) - by the gift of a boon, by the boon given

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of varadāna

varadāna - granting of a boon, gift of a boon

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vara+dāna)

• vara – boon, blessing, choice
  noun (masculine)
• dāna – gift, giving, liberality
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dā (class 3)

लब्धवान् (labdhavān) - obtained, received, gained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of labh

labh - to obtain, to gain, to acquire

Past Active Participle (Perfect Active Participle)

Derived from root 'labh' (class 1) with suffix '-tavat'.

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Functions as a finite verb in this context.

भूरिदक्षिणम् (bhūridakṣiṇam) - the son named Bhūridakṣiṇa (one who gives ample gifts, name of a son)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhūridakṣiṇa

bhūridakṣiṇa - giving many gifts, generous; name of a son of Somadatta

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhūri+dakṣiṇā)

• bhūri – much, many, abundant
  adjective
• dakṣiṇā – gift, donation, offering (especially to priests)
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'labdhavān'.

न्यपातयत् (nyapātayat) - struck down, caused to fall, killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

causative imperfect active

Root 'pat' (class 1) becomes 'pātay' in causative, then imperfect. 'ni-' prefix implies 'down'.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Causative verb with prefix 'ni'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - Bhūriśravas, the son of Somadatta (son of Somadatta)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumadatti

saumadatti - descendant of Somadatta, son of Somadatta (e.g., Bhūriśravas)

Patronymic formation from Somadatta.

Note: Agent of 'nyapātayat'.

शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Śini

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śini

śini - name of a Yadava king

सुतम् (sutam) - the son of Śini (son, offspring)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, offspring, child

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sū' (to beget), here used as a noun 'son'.

Root: sū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'nyapātayat'.