महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-45, verse-21

नास्यातिवादा हृदयं तापयन्ति नानधीतं नाहुतमग्निहोत्रम् ।
मनो ब्राह्मीं लघुतामादधीत प्रज्ञानमस्य नाम धीरा लभन्ते ।
योगिनस्तं प्रपश्यन्ति भगवन्तं सनातनम् ॥२१॥

21. nāsyātivādā hṛdayaṁ tāpayanti; nānadhītaṁ nāhutamagnihotram ,
mano brāhmīṁ laghutāmādadhīta; prajñānamasya nāma dhīrā labhante ,
yoginastaṁ prapaśyanti bhagavantaṁ sanātanam.

21. na asya ativādāḥ hṛdayam tāpayanti na anadhītam
na āhutam agnihotram manaḥ brāhmīm laghutām
ādadīta prajñānam asya nāma dhīrāḥ labhante
yoginaḥ tam prapaśyanti bhagavantam sanātanam

21. His heart is not tormented by harsh words, nor by unstudied scripture, nor by unoffered fire sacrifice (agnihotra). His mind attains a lightness associated with the divine (brāhmī). The wise (dhīra) recognize his wisdom (prajñāna). Yogis perceive him as the eternal (sanātana) Lord (Bhagavantam).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• अस्य (asya) - of him (referring to the wise person) (of him, of this)

• अतिवादाः (ativādāḥ) - harsh words (harsh words, abusive speech, excessive talk)

• हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart (heart, mind, core)

• तापयन्ति (tāpayanti) - they torment (they torment, they cause to burn)

• न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

• अनधीतम् (anadhītam) - unstudied (scripture) (unstudied, unread)

• न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

• आहुतम् (āhutam) - unoffered (implied by previous 'na') (offered, sacrificed)

• अग्निहोत्रम् (agnihotram) - fire sacrifice (agnihotra) (fire sacrifice)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, intellect, consciousness)

• ब्राह्मीम् (brāhmīm) - associated with the divine (brāhmī) (brahmanical, divine, sacred)

• लघुताम् (laghutām) - lightness (lightness, smallness, humility, insignificance)

• आददीत (ādadīta) - attains (he should take, assume, obtain, attain)

• प्रज्ञानम् (prajñānam) - wisdom (prajñāna) (wisdom, supreme knowledge, consciousness)

• अस्य (asya) - of him (referring to the wise person) (of him, of this)

• नाम (nāma) - name (name, indeed, by name)

• धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - wise (ones) (wise, steady, resolute)

• लभन्ते (labhante) - they recognize (lit. obtain for him the name) (they obtain, they attain, they gain)

• योगिनः (yoginaḥ) - Yogis (yogis, practitioners of yoga)

• तम् (tam) - him (him, that)

• प्रपश्यन्ति (prapaśyanti) - perceive (they perceive, they see)

• भगवन्तम् (bhagavantam) - the Lord (Bhagavantam) (the Lord, the divine one, the fortunate one)

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal (sanātana) (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of him (referring to the wise person) (of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

अतिवादाः (ativādāḥ) - harsh words (harsh words, abusive speech, excessive talk)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ativāda

ativāda - harsh word, abusive speech, excessive talk

Prefixes: ati+vad

Root: vad (class 1)

हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart (heart, mind, core)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul, core

तापयन्ति (tāpayanti) - they torment (they torment, they cause to burn)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of tāpay

causative

root tap in causative stem tāpay

Root: tap (class 1)

न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

अनधीतम् (anadhītam) - unstudied (scripture) (unstudied, unread)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anadhīta

anadhīta - unstudied, unread

Past Passive Participle

formed with privative prefix 'an' and PPP of root 'i' with prefix 'adhi'

Compound type : privative tatpurusha (an+adhīta)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• adhīta – studied, learned
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of adhi + i (to go, to learn)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: i (class 2)

न (na) - nor (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

आहुतम् (āhutam) - unoffered (implied by previous 'na') (offered, sacrificed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āhuta

āhuta - offered, sacrificed, invoked

Past Passive Participle

PPP of ā-hu (to offer, sacrifice)

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

अग्निहोत्रम् (agnihotram) - fire sacrifice (agnihotra) (fire sacrifice)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of agnihotra

agnihotra - fire sacrifice, a daily Vedic ritual

Compound type : tatpurusha (agni+hotra)

• agni – fire
  noun (masculine)
• hotra – sacrifice, offering
  noun (neuter)
  Root: hu (class 3)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, intellect, consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, consciousness, heart

Root: man (class 4)

ब्राह्मीम् (brāhmīm) - associated with the divine (brāhmī) (brahmanical, divine, sacred)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of brāhmī

brāhmī - brahmanical, divine, pertaining to Brahman

feminine form of brāhma

लघुताम् (laghutām) - lightness (lightness, smallness, humility, insignificance)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laghutā

laghutā - lightness, smallness, humility, insignificance

derived from laghu (light, small) with suffix -tā (abstract noun)

आददीत (ādadīta) - attains (he should take, assume, obtain, attain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of ā-dā

root dā with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

प्रज्ञानम् (prajñānam) - wisdom (prajñāna) (wisdom, supreme knowledge, consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prajñāna

prajñāna - wisdom, supreme knowledge, consciousness, discrimination

Compound type : tatpurusha (pra+jñāna)

• pra – forth, forward, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• jñāna – knowledge, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  from root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

अस्य (asya) - of him (referring to the wise person) (of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

नाम (nāma) - name (name, indeed, by name)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, fame

धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - wise (ones) (wise, steady, resolute)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhīra

dhīra - wise, steady, resolute, sagacious

लभन्ते (labhante) - they recognize (lit. obtain for him the name) (they obtain, they attain, they gain)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)

योगिनः (yoginaḥ) - Yogis (yogis, practitioners of yoga)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yogin

yogin - a yogi, one who practices yoga, an ascetic

derived from yoga with suffix -in

Root: yuj (class 7)

तम् (tam) - him (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रपश्यन्ति (prapaśyanti) - perceive (they perceive, they see)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of pra-paś

root dṛś (paśya stem) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भगवन्तम् (bhagavantam) - the Lord (Bhagavantam) (the Lord, the divine one, the fortunate one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - Lord, worshipful, divine, fortunate, prosperous

noun form of bhagavat (adj)

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal (sanātana) (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, everlasting, ancient, primeval