महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-160, verse-29

तूर्णं परिययुः सेनां कृत्स्नां कर्णस्य शासनात् ।
आज्ञापयन्तो राज्ञस्तान्योगः प्रागुदयादिति ॥२९॥

29. tūrṇaṁ pariyayuḥ senāṁ kṛtsnāṁ karṇasya śāsanāt ,
ājñāpayanto rājñastānyogaḥ prāgudayāditi.

29. tūrṇam pariyayuḥ senām kṛtsnām karṇasya śāsanāt
ājñāpayantaḥ rājñaḥ tān yogaḥ prāk udayāt iti

29. karṇasya śāsanāt (te) tūrṇam kṛtsnām senām pariyayuḥ,
tān rājñaḥ "yogaḥ prāk udayāt" iti ājñāpayantaḥ

29. By Karṇa's command, they quickly went throughout the entire army, ordering those kings that the engagement (yoga) should commence before dawn.

Words meanings summery:

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• परिययुः (pariyayuḥ) - they went around, they approached, they circulated

• सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

• कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire, whole, complete

• कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of the warrior Karṇa (of Karṇa)

• शासनात् (śāsanāt) - from the command, by the order, on account of the rule

• आज्ञापयन्तः (ājñāpayantaḥ) - commanding, ordering, instructing

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - to the kings

• तान् (tān) - those, them

• योगः (yogaḥ) - deployment, engagement (of the army) (union, conjunction, application, effort, discipline, engagement (yoga))

• प्राक् (prāk) - before, prior to, eastern

• उदयात् (udayāt) - before dawn (from the rising, from the dawn, from the origin)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

Words meanings and morphology

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √tvar (to hurry) + kta suffix.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

परिययुः (pariyayuḥ) - they went around, they approached, they circulated

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of pari-√i

Prefix: pari

Root: i (class 2)

सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, battle-array

Note: Object of pariyayuḥ.

कृत्स्नाम् (kṛtsnām) - entire, whole, complete

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - all, whole, entire, complete

Note: Agrees with senām.

कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of the warrior Karṇa (of Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; (proper noun) Karṇa

Note: Possessive case.

शासनात् (śāsanāt) - from the command, by the order, on account of the rule

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - command, order, instruction, rule, governance

Derived from root √śās (to command, instruct).

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Indicates the source or reason.

आज्ञापयन्तः (ājñāpayantaḥ) - commanding, ordering, instructing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ājñāpayat

ājñāpayat - one who commands/orders

Present Active Participle (causative)

From root √jñā (to know) with upasarga ā and causative suffix -pi, plus śatṛ suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject of pariyayuḥ.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - to the kings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Object of ājñāpayantaḥ.

तान् (tān) - those, them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with rājñaḥ.

योगः (yogaḥ) - deployment, engagement (of the army) (union, conjunction, application, effort, discipline, engagement (yoga))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yoga

yoga - union, conjunction, application, effort, discipline, meditation, spiritual practice, engagement, deployment

From root √yuj (to join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Subject of the implied clause 'yogaḥ syāt' or 'yogaḥ kartavyaḥ'.

प्राक् (prāk) - before, prior to, eastern

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with an ablative (udayāt).

उदयात् (udayāt) - before dawn (from the rising, from the dawn, from the origin)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of udaya

udaya - rising, dawn, origin, prosperity

From upasarga ud + root √i (to go).

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used with prāk.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of direct speech or a statement.