महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-160, verse-24

इत्युक्तः कैतवो राजंस्तद्वाक्यमुपधार्य च ।
अनुज्ञातो निववृते पुनरेव यथागतम् ॥२४॥

24. ityuktaḥ kaitavo rājaṁstadvākyamupadhārya ca ,
anujñāto nivavṛte punareva yathāgatam.

24. iti uktaḥ kaitavaḥ rājan tat vākyam upadhārya
ca anujñātaḥ nivavṛte punar eva yathāgatam

24. rājan,
iti uktaḥ kaitavaḥ (Śakuni),
tat vākyam upadhārya ca,
anujñātaḥ (san),
yathāgatam punar eva nivavṛte.

24. O King, the deceitful one (Śakuni), thus addressed, after carefully considering those words and having been granted leave, returned exactly as he had come.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (introducing or concluding a speech) (thus, so, in this manner)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - thus addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• कैतवः (kaitavaḥ) - Śakuni (the deceitful one) (gambler, deceitful, trickster)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• तत् (tat) - those (referring to the words) (that, those)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, words (word, speech, statement, sentence)

• उपधार्य (upadhārya) - after carefully considering (having heard, having considered, having understood)

• च (ca) - and

• अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - having been granted leave (permitted, allowed, commanded)

• निववृते (nivavṛte) - returned

• पुनर् (punar) - again (again, back)

• एव (eva) - exactly, just (indeed, only, just)

• यथागतम् (yathāgatam) - exactly as he had come (as it came, as he arrived, in the same way)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (introducing or concluding a speech) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - thus addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told; speech, saying

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Root: vac (class 2)

कैतवः (kaitavaḥ) - Śakuni (the deceitful one) (gambler, deceitful, trickster)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaitava

kaitava - gambling, deceitful, tricky, fraudulent; a gambler, a cheat

Derived from kitava (gambler)

Note: Subject of nivavṛte.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

तत् (tat) - those (referring to the words) (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, referring to something previously mentioned

Demonstrative pronoun

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, words (word, speech, statement, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement, declaration

Derived from vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

उपधार्य (upadhārya) - after carefully considering (having heard, having considered, having understood)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from upa + dhṛ (to hold, perceive) + lyap (absolutive suffix for prefixed roots)

Prefix: upa

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two preceding actions.

अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - having been granted leave (permitted, allowed, commanded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anujñāta

anujñāta - permitted, allowed, given leave, commanded

Past Passive Participle

From anu + jñā (to know, permit) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

निववृते (nivavṛte) - returned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of nivavṛte

Perfect tense, middle voice

From ni + vṛt (to turn), class 1, perfect tense (liṭ), middle voice (ātmanepada)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

पुनर् (punar) - again (again, back)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - exactly, just (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

यथागतम् (yathāgatam) - exactly as he had come (as it came, as he arrived, in the same way)

(indeclinable)

From yathā (as) + āgata (come)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+āgata)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• āgata – come, arrived, returned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā + gam (to go) + kta.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)