महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-144, verse-23

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
इति कर्णवचः श्रुत्वा कुन्ती दुःखात्प्रवेपती ।
उवाच पुत्रमाश्लिष्य कर्णं धैर्यादकम्पितम् ॥२३॥

23. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
iti karṇavacaḥ śrutvā kuntī duḥkhātpravepatī ,
uvāca putramāśliṣya karṇaṁ dhairyādakampitam.

23. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca iti karṇavacaḥ śrutvā kuntī duḥkhāt
pravepatī uvāca putram āśliṣya karṇaṃ dhairyāt akampitam

23. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca iti karṇavacaḥ śrutvā duḥkhāt pravepatī
kuntī putram karṇaṃ dhairyāt akampitam āśliṣya uvāca

23. Vaiśampāyana said: Having heard these words from Karṇa, Kuntī, trembling with sorrow, embraced her son and spoke to Karṇa, who remained unshaken in his steadfastness.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इति (iti) - Used to introduce or conclude direct speech, or refer to what has been said. (thus, so)

• कर्णवचः (karṇavacaḥ) - The statements made by Karṇa just prior to Kuntī's speech. (Karṇa's words, speech of Karṇa)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• कुन्ती (kuntī) - The mother of Karṇa (and the Pāṇḍavas). (Kuntī)

• दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - Indicating the cause of Kuntī's trembling. (from sorrow, due to distress)

• प्रवेपती (pravepatī) - Describing Kuntī's agitated state due to sorrow. (trembling, quivering greatly)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पुत्रम् (putram) - Referring to Karṇa, who is Kuntī's son. (son)

• आश्लिष्य (āśliṣya) - Kuntī embraced her son Karṇa. (having embraced)

• कर्णं (karṇaṁ) - The specific son Kuntī is embracing and speaking to. (Karṇa)

• धैर्यात् (dhairyāt) - Describing Karṇa's quality of remaining firm or resolute. (from courage, due to firmness, with steadfastness)

• अकम्पितम् (akampitam) - Describes Karṇa's unwavering resolve despite Kuntī's distress. (unshaken, unmoved, firm)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

Perfect active 3rd person singular of √vac (irregular formation)

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - Used to introduce or conclude direct speech, or refer to what has been said. (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

कर्णवचः (karṇavacaḥ) - The statements made by Karṇa just prior to Kuntī's speech. (Karṇa's words, speech of Karṇa)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karṇavacas

karṇavacas - Karṇa's words, the speech of Karṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karṇa+vacas)

• karṇa – Karṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vacas – word, speech, saying
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: External sandhi (visarga to ṣ before śrutvā) undone.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from √śru with the suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

कुन्ती (kuntī) - The mother of Karṇa (and the Pāṇḍavas). (Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kuntī

kuntī - Kuntī (proper name, mother of the Pāṇḍavas)

दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - Indicating the cause of Kuntī's trembling. (from sorrow, due to distress)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, distress

प्रवेपती (pravepatī) - Describing Kuntī's agitated state due to sorrow. (trembling, quivering greatly)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pravepat

pravepat - trembling, quivering, shaking violently

present participle

Present active participle of √vep (to tremble) with prefix pra- (intensive)

Prefix: pra

Root: vep (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense

Perfect active 3rd person singular of √vac (irregular formation)

Root: vac (class 2)

पुत्रम् (putram) - Referring to Karṇa, who is Kuntī's son. (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

आश्लिष्य (āśliṣya) - Kuntī embraced her son Karṇa. (having embraced)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from √śliṣ with prefix ā- and suffix -ya (used when prefixed)

Prefix: ā

Root: śliṣ (class 4)

कर्णं (karṇaṁ) - The specific son Kuntī is embracing and speaking to. (Karṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name)

धैर्यात् (dhairyāt) - Describing Karṇa's quality of remaining firm or resolute. (from courage, due to firmness, with steadfastness)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dhairya

dhairya - firmness, constancy, patience, fortitude, resolution

Derived from dhīra (firm, steady)

Note: Used here to indicate the source or quality of 'akampitam'.

अकम्पितम् (akampitam) - Describes Karṇa's unwavering resolve despite Kuntī's distress. (unshaken, unmoved, firm)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of akampita

akampita - unshaken, unmoved, steady, firm

past passive participle (negated)

Formed by negative prefix 'a-' + past passive participle of √kamp (to shake)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kampita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• kampita – shaken, trembled
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of √kamp
  Root: kamp (class 1)