महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-144, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततः सूर्यान्निश्चरितां कर्णः शुश्राव भारतीम् ।
दुरत्ययां प्रणयिनीं पितृवद्भास्करेरिताम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tataḥ sūryānniścaritāṁ karṇaḥ śuśrāva bhāratīm ,
duratyayāṁ praṇayinīṁ pitṛvadbhāskareritām.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ sūryāt niścaritām karṇaḥ śuśrāva
bhāratīm duratyayām praṇayinīm pitṛvat bhāskarerītām

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ karṇaḥ sūryāt niścaritām duratyayām
praṇayinīm pitṛvat bhāskara-īritām bhāratīm śuśrāva

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Then Karna heard the speech (bhāratī) emanating from the Sun, a loving message, difficult to overcome, spoken by the Sun (bhāskara) like a father.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to King Janamejaya. (Vaiśaṃpāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• सूर्यात् (sūryāt) - from the Sun

• निश्चरिताम् (niścaritām) - emanating, issued, emerged

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - heard

• भारतीम् (bhāratīm) - A message, particularly a divine one, from the Sun god. (speech, divine utterance)

• दुरत्ययाम् (duratyayām) - difficult to overcome, irresistible

• प्रणयिनीम् (praṇayinīm) - loving, affectionate

• पितृवत् (pitṛvat) - like a father, fatherly

• भास्करेरीताम् (bhāskarerītām) - spoken by Bhaskara (the Sun)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahābhārata to King Janamejaya. (Vaiśaṃpāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

From root vac (class 2 Parasmaipada), irregular perfect formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

सूर्यात् (sūryāt) - from the Sun

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - Sun, Sun god

निश्चरिताम् (niścaritām) - emanating, issued, emerged

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niścarita

niścarita - issued, emerged, departed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root car (to move) with prefix nis-

Prefix: nis

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhāratīm.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name)

शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śru

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

From root śru (class 5 Parasmaipada)

Root: śru (class 5)

भारतीम् (bhāratīm) - A message, particularly a divine one, from the Sun god. (speech, divine utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāratī

bhāratī - speech, Sarasvati, divine utterance

Note: Object of 'śuśrāva'.

दुरत्ययाम् (duratyayām) - difficult to overcome, irresistible

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duratyaya

duratyaya - difficult to overcome, irresistible, hard to pass

Compound: dur- (difficult) + atyaya (passing over)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dus+atyaya)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• atyaya – passing over, transgression, danger
  noun (masculine)
  From root i (to go) with prefix ati-
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with bhāratīm.

प्रणयिनीम् (praṇayinīm) - loving, affectionate

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of praṇayinī

praṇayinī - loving, affectionate, dear, beloved (feminine)

From praṇayin (loving) + ī (feminine suffix)

Prefix: pra

Root: ṇī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhāratīm.

पितृवत् (pitṛvat) - like a father, fatherly

(indeclinable)

Derived from pitṛ (father) + -vat (suffix for 'like' or 'as')

Note: Adverbially modifies bhāskarerītām.

भास्करेरीताम् (bhāskarerītām) - spoken by Bhaskara (the Sun)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāskarerīta

bhāskarerīta - spoken by Bhaskara (the Sun)

Past Passive Participle

Compound: bhāskara (the Sun) + īrita (spoken). From root īr (to stir, utter) in pp.

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhāskara+īrita)

• bhāskara – Sun, sun-maker
  noun (masculine)
• īrita – spoken, uttered, caused to move
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root īr (to stir, utter)
  Root: īr (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhāratīm.