महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-144, verse-16

कृतार्थाः सुभृता ये हि कृत्यकाल उपस्थिते ।
अनवेक्ष्य कृतं पापा विकुर्वन्त्यनवस्थिताः ॥१६॥

16. kṛtārthāḥ subhṛtā ye hi kṛtyakāla upasthite ,
anavekṣya kṛtaṁ pāpā vikurvantyanavasthitāḥ.

16. kṛtārthāḥ subhṛtāḥ ye hi kṛtyakāle upasthite
anavekṣya kṛtam pāpāḥ vikurvanti anavasthitāḥ

16. ye hi kṛtārthāḥ subhṛtāḥ kṛtyakāle upasthite
kṛtam anavekṣya pāpāḥ anavasthitāḥ vikurvanti

16. Indeed, those who, having achieved their aims and been well-maintained, act wickedly and unsteadily when the opportune moment arrives, without considering the good done for them.

Words meanings summery:

• कृतार्थाः (kṛtārthāḥ) - those whose purposes are accomplished, successful

• सुभृताः (subhṛtāḥ) - well-supported, well-nourished, well-maintained

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• कृत्यकाले (kṛtyakāle) - when the opportune moment arrives (at the time of action/duty)

• उपस्थिते (upasthite) - having arrived, being present, imminent

• अनवेक्ष्य (anavekṣya) - without considering, having not regarded

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - the good done for them (what has been done, deed, good deed)

• पापाः (pāpāḥ) - sinful ones, wicked ones

• विकुर्वन्ति (vikurvanti) - they act wrongly, they revolt, they change

• अनवस्थिताः (anavasthitāḥ) - unstable, unsteadfast, fickle

Words meanings and morphology

कृतार्थाः (kṛtārthāḥ) - those whose purposes are accomplished, successful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtārtha

kṛtārtha - one whose aim is accomplished, successful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+artha)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `kṛ` (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying `ye`.

सुभृताः (subhṛtāḥ) - well-supported, well-nourished, well-maintained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of subhṛta

subhṛta - well-supported, well-maintained, well-cherished

Past Passive Participle

From root `bhṛ` (to bear, support) with prefix `su` (good, well).

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+bhṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• bhṛta – borne, supported, nourished, maintained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `bhṛ` (to bear, support).
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Adjective modifying `ye`.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of `vikurvanti`.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

कृत्यकाले (kṛtyakāle) - when the opportune moment arrives (at the time of action/duty)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛtyakāla

kṛtyakāla - time for action, time for duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛtya+kāla)

• kṛtya – what is to be done, duty, action
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root `kṛ` (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kāla – time, season, moment
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative absolute construction with `upasthite`.

उपस्थिते (upasthite) - having arrived, being present, imminent

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - arrived, present, standing near, imminent

Past Passive Participle

From root `sthā` (to stand) with prefix `upa`.

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (upa+sthita)

• upa – near, towards, sub-
  indeclinable
• sthita – stood, situated, present
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `sthā` (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with `kṛtyakāle`.

अनवेक्ष्य (anavekṣya) - without considering, having not regarded

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root `īkṣ` (to see, regard) with prefixes `ava` and `an` (negative). The `lyap` suffix makes it an absolutive. `a-na-ava-īkṣ-ya`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+avekṣya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• avekṣya – having considered, having regarded
  indeclinable
  Absolutive
  From root `īkṣ` (to see, regard) with prefix `ava`.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - the good done for them (what has been done, deed, good deed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, acted; a good deed

Past Passive Participle

From root `kṛ` (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पापाः (pāpāḥ) - sinful ones, wicked ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāpa

pāpa - evil, wicked, sinful; a wicked person

Note: Adjective modifying the implied subject `ye`.

विकुर्वन्ति (vikurvanti) - they act wrongly, they revolt, they change

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vikṛ

Present Active Indicative

From root `kṛ` (to do, make) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अनवस्थिताः (anavasthitāḥ) - unstable, unsteadfast, fickle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anavasthita

anavasthita - unsteady, unstable, fickle

From `avasthita` (stable, firm) with negative `a`. `avasthita` is PPP from `ava-sthā`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+avasthita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• avasthita – situated, abiding, stable, firm
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `sthā` (to stand) with prefix `ava`.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying `ye`.