महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-144, verse-14

मया प्लवेन संग्रामं तितीर्षन्ति दुरत्ययम् ।
अपारे पारकामा ये त्यजेयं तानहं कथम् ॥१४॥

14. mayā plavena saṁgrāmaṁ titīrṣanti duratyayam ,
apāre pārakāmā ye tyajeyaṁ tānahaṁ katham.

14. mayā plavena saṃgrāmam titīrṣanti duratyayam
apāre pārakāmāḥ ye tyajeyam tān aham katham

14. ye apāre duratyayam saṃgrāmam mayā plavena
titīrṣanti pārakāmāḥ aham tān katham tyajeyam

14. How can I abandon those who, desiring to reach the other shore of this boundless, insurmountable battle, wish to cross it with me as their boat?

Words meanings summery:

• मया (mayā) - by me (Droṇa) (by me)

• प्लवेन (plavena) - as their boat (by means of a boat, as a boat, by means of a raft)

• संग्रामम् (saṁgrāmam) - battle, war (battle, war, conflict)

• तितीर्षन्ति (titīrṣanti) - they wish to cross (they desire to cross, they wish to overcome)

• दुरत्ययम् (duratyayam) - insurmountable (difficult to cross, insurmountable, hard to pass)

• अपारे (apāre) - boundless (boundless, endless, shoreless, vast)

• पारकामाः (pārakāmāḥ) - those who desire the other shore (of victory) (those desiring the other shore, those desiring an end, those desiring success)

• ये (ye) - those who (the Dhārtarāṣṭras) (who (plural))

• त्यजेयम् (tyajeyam) - I would abandon (I should abandon, I would forsake, I should give up)

• तान् (tān) - them (the Dhārtarāṣṭras) (them)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Droṇa) (I)

• कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what manner?)

Words meanings and morphology

मया (mayā) - by me (Droṇa) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

First person pronoun, instrumental singular.

Note: 'With me' or 'by means of me'.

प्लवेन (plavena) - as their boat (by means of a boat, as a boat, by means of a raft)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of plava

plava - a boat, a raft, swimming

From root plu (to float, swim).

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Acts as an appositive to mayā, defining the role of Droṇa.

संग्रामम् (saṁgrāmam) - battle, war (battle, war, conflict)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict

From sam + grām (to meet, encounter).

Root: grām

तितीर्षन्ति (titīrṣanti) - they wish to cross (they desire to cross, they wish to overcome)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of tīrṣ (desiderative of tṛ)

Present tense, third person plural, active voice (desiderative formation).

Desiderative form of root tṛ (to cross).

Root: tṛ (class 1)

दुरत्ययम् (duratyayam) - insurmountable (difficult to cross, insurmountable, hard to pass)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duratyaya

duratyaya - difficult to cross, insurmountable, hard to pass

Compound with dur (difficult) and ati-i (to pass over).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+atyaya)

• dur – difficult, bad
  indeclinable
  prefix
• atyaya – passing over, overcoming
  noun (masculine)
  from ati + i (to go)
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)

अपारे (apāre) - boundless (boundless, endless, shoreless, vast)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of apāra

apāra - boundless, endless, shoreless, vast

Negative compound (Nañ-tatpuruṣa) of a (not) and pāra (shore, end).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pāra)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• pāra – far bank, opposite shore, end, goal
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pṛ

पारकामाः (pārakāmāḥ) - those who desire the other shore (of victory) (those desiring the other shore, those desiring an end, those desiring success)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārakāma

pārakāma - desiring the further bank, desiring an end or success

Compound of pāra (other shore, end) and kāma (desire).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pāra+kāma)

• pāra – far bank, opposite shore, end, goal
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pṛ
• kāma – desire, wish
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with ye.

ये (ye) - those who (the Dhārtarāṣṭras) (who (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of titīrṣanti.

त्यजेयम् (tyajeyam) - I would abandon (I should abandon, I would forsake, I should give up)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of tyaj

Optative mood, first person singular, active voice.

From root tyaj, 1st class verb.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

तान् (tān) - them (the Dhārtarāṣṭras) (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Third person demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of tyajeyam.

अहम् (aham) - I (Droṇa) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

First person pronoun.

कथम् (katham) - how? (how? in what manner?)

(indeclinable)