महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-138, verse-19

गृहीत्वा व्यजनं श्वेतं धर्मात्मा संशितव्रतः ।
उपान्वारोहतु रथं कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः ॥१९॥

19. gṛhītvā vyajanaṁ śvetaṁ dharmātmā saṁśitavrataḥ ,
upānvārohatu rathaṁ kuntīputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

19. gṛhītvā vyajanam śvetam dharmātmā saṃśitavrataḥ
upānvārohatu ratham kuntīputraḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

19. dharmātmā saṃśitavrataḥ kuntīputraḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
śvetam vyajanam gṛhītvā ratham upānvārohatu

19. Let Yudhishthira, the son of Kunti, whose soul is dedicated to righteousness (dharma) and whose vows are firm, take the white fan and ascend the chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having seized

• व्यजनम् (vyajanam) - fan

• श्वेतम् (śvetam) - white

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - whose soul is righteousness, righteous-souled

• संशितव्रतः (saṁśitavrataḥ) - whose vows are firm, of sharpened vows, resolute

• उपान्वारोहतु (upānvārohatu) - let him ascend

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - son of Kunti

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

Words meanings and morphology

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root grah with suffix -tvā

Root: grah (class 9)

व्यजनम् (vyajanam) - fan

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyajana

vyajana - fan, whisk

From vi + aj (to move) + ana suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: aj (class 1)

श्वेतम् (śvetam) - white

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śveta

śveta - white, pure, clean

Note: Agrees with 'vyajanam'.

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - whose soul is righteousness, righteous-souled

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - whose soul is righteousness (dharma), righteous-souled, virtuous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, virtue, religion
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira.

संशितव्रतः (saṁśitavrataḥ) - whose vows are firm, of sharpened vows, resolute

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśitavrata

saṁśitavrata - whose vows are sharpened, firm-vowed, resolute

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saṃśita+vrata)

• saṃśita – sharpened, firm, steady
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śo (to sharpen) with saṃ prefix
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śo (class 4)
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with Yudhishthira.

उपान्वारोहतु (upānvārohatu) - let him ascend

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ruh

Imperative, 3rd Person Singular

From root ruh with prefixes upa, anu, ā

Prefixes: upa+anu+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

From root ramh (to go swiftly)

Root: ramh

Note: Object of 'upānvārohatu'.

कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - son of Kunti

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuntīputra

kuntīputra - son of Kunti

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuntī+putra)

• kuntī – Kunti (mother of Pandavas)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (the eldest Pandava, steady in battle)

'one who is steady in battle' (yudhi - in battle, sthira - steady)

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Locative case form of yudh
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – steady, firm, unmoving
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.