महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-125, verse-19

उद्यच्छेदेव न नमेदुद्यमो ह्येव पौरुषम् ।
अप्यपर्वणि भज्येत न नमेदिह कस्यचित् ॥१९॥

19. udyacchedeva na namedudyamo hyeva pauruṣam ,
apyaparvaṇi bhajyeta na namediha kasyacit.

19. udyacchet eva na namet udyamaḥ hi eva pauruṣam
api aparvaṇi bhajyeta na namet iha kasyacit

19. One should always strive and never bend, for exertion (udyam) itself is true manliness (pauruṣa). Even if one were to break at an unsuitable time, one should never bow down to anyone in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• उद्यच्छेत् (udyacchet) - one should strive upwards, one should exert, one should endeavor

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, just

• न (na) - not, no

• नमेत् (namet) - one should bow down, one should bend

• उद्यमः (udyamaḥ) - exertion (udyam) (striving, exertion, effort, enterprise)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, just

• पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - manliness (pauruṣa) (manliness, valour, human strength)

• अपि (api) - even, also, even if

• अपर्वणि (aparvaṇi) - at an inopportune time, at an unsuitable juncture

• भज्येत (bhajyeta) - one might break, it might be broken, one might be broken

• न (na) - not, no

• नमेत् (namet) - one should bow down, one should bend

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of anyone, to anyone

Words meanings and morphology

उद्यच्छेत् (udyacchet) - one should strive upwards, one should exert, one should endeavor

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of udyacch

Optative

Optative 3rd person singular active, from root yam with prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, just

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

नमेत् (namet) - one should bow down, one should bend

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of nam

Optative

Optative 3rd person singular active, from root nam.

Root: nam (class 1)

उद्यमः (udyamaḥ) - exertion (udyam) (striving, exertion, effort, enterprise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udyama

udyama - exertion, effort, enterprise, endeavor, striving, industry

Derived from ud-yam with suffix 'a'.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

हि (hi) - for, indeed, because

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, just

(indeclinable)

पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - manliness (pauruṣa) (manliness, valour, human strength)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - manliness, valour, human strength, virility, male offspring, human effort

Derived from puruṣa with 'aṇ' suffix.

अपि (api) - even, also, even if

(indeclinable)

अपर्वणि (aparvaṇi) - at an inopportune time, at an unsuitable juncture

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of aparvan

aparvan - not a joint, not a knot, not a festival, inopportune time, unsuitable juncture

Negative compound na-parvan.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+parvan)

• na – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• parvan – joint, knot, division, festival, proper time, juncture
  noun (neuter)

भज्येत (bhajyeta) - one might break, it might be broken, one might be broken

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhañj

Optative

Optative 3rd person singular middle/passive. The root bhañj in passive becomes bhajyate.

Root: bhañj (class 7)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

नमेत् (namet) - one should bow down, one should bend

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of nam

Optative

Optative 3rd person singular active, from root nam.

Root: nam (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - of anyone, to anyone

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ka-cid

ka-cid - anyone, someone, anything, something

Derived from ka (who/what) + cid (an indeclinable suffix for indefiniteness).

Compound type : pronominal_derivative (kim+cit)

• kim – who, what, which
  pronoun
• cit – some, any, even, though
  indeclinable
  Indefinite suffix.

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'to no one'. Genitive case used with namet as in 'namate kasyacit' or 'na namet kasyacit' meaning 'not to bend to anyone'.