महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-5, chapter-125, verse-13
न च तं कृष्ण पश्यामि क्षत्रधर्ममनुष्ठितम् ।
उत्सहेत युधा जेतुं यो नः शत्रुनिबर्हण ॥१३॥
उत्सहेत युधा जेतुं यो नः शत्रुनिबर्हण ॥१३॥
13. na ca taṁ kṛṣṇa paśyāmi kṣatradharmamanuṣṭhitam ,
utsaheta yudhā jetuṁ yo naḥ śatrunibarhaṇa.
utsaheta yudhā jetuṁ yo naḥ śatrunibarhaṇa.
13.
na ca tam kṛṣṇa paśyāmi kṣatradharmam anuṣṭhitam
utsaheta yudhā jetum yaḥ naḥ śatrunibarhaṇa
utsaheta yudhā jetum yaḥ naḥ śatrunibarhaṇa
13.
And, O Kṛṣṇa, I do not see that one — who is a destroyer of enemies (śatrunibarhaṇa) — as having properly observed the warrior's natural law (kṣatradharma) such that he would be able to conquer us in battle.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- तम् (tam) - that one (a Pāṇḍava, like Arjuna) (him, that one)
- कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Kṛṣṇa
- पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I consider (I see, I behold)
- क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - the warrior's natural law (kṣatradharma) (the natural law of a warrior, the duty of a kṣatriya)
- अनुष्ठितम् (anuṣṭhitam) - as having properly observed (properly performed, observed, practiced)
- उत्सहेत (utsaheta) - he would be able (he would be able, he might be able)
- युधा (yudhā) - in battle (by battle, with battle)
- जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer (to conquer, to win)
- यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)
- नः (naḥ) - us (the Kauravas) (us, to us)
- शत्रुनिबर्हण (śatrunibarhaṇa) - a destroyer of enemies (enemy-destroyer, annihilator of foes)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
तम् (tam) - that one (a Pāṇḍava, like Arjuna) (him, that one)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Object of 'paśyāmi'.
कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Kṛṣṇa
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa
kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa, dark
Note: Addressed by the speaker.
पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I consider (I see, I behold)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of paś
Root dṛś (to see), with present stem paśya
Root: dṛś (class 1)
क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - the warrior's natural law (kṣatradharma) (the natural law of a warrior, the duty of a kṣatriya)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma
kṣatradharma - the duty or natural law (dharma) of the kṣatriya (warrior) caste
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)
- kṣatra – warrior, rule, power
noun (neuter) - dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of 'anuṣṭhitam'.
अनुष्ठितम् (anuṣṭhitam) - as having properly observed (properly performed, observed, practiced)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of anuṣṭhita
anuṣṭhita - performed, observed, practiced, done
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix anu-
Prefix: anu
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'tam'.
उत्सहेत (utsaheta) - he would be able (he would be able, he might be able)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of utsah
Root sah (to endure, to be able) with prefix ut-
Prefix: ut
Root: sah (class 1)
युधा (yudhā) - in battle (by battle, with battle)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of yudh
yudh - battle, fight, war
Root: yudh (class 4)
जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer (to conquer, to win)
(verb)
active, infinitive of ji
Infinitive
Infinitive form of root ji (to conquer)
Root: ji (class 1)
Note: Used with 'utsaheta'.
यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Refers to 'tam'.
नः (naḥ) - us (the Kauravas) (us, to us)
(pronoun)
Accusative, plural of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: Object of 'jetum'.
शत्रुनिबर्हण (śatrunibarhaṇa) - a destroyer of enemies (enemy-destroyer, annihilator of foes)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrunibarhaṇa
śatrunibarhaṇa - destroyer of enemies, annihilator of foes
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+nibarhaṇa)
- śatru – enemy, foe
noun (masculine) - nibarhaṇa – destroying, killing, annihilation
noun (neuter)
Derived from root bṛh (to tear, to kill) with prefix ni-
Prefix: ni
Root: bṛh (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'yaḥ'.