महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-5, chapter-125, verse-14
न हि भीष्मकृपद्रोणाः सगणा मधुसूदन ।
देवैरपि युधा जेतुं शक्याः किमुत पाण्डवैः ॥१४॥
देवैरपि युधा जेतुं शक्याः किमुत पाण्डवैः ॥१४॥
14. na hi bhīṣmakṛpadroṇāḥ sagaṇā madhusūdana ,
devairapi yudhā jetuṁ śakyāḥ kimuta pāṇḍavaiḥ.
devairapi yudhā jetuṁ śakyāḥ kimuta pāṇḍavaiḥ.
14.
na hi bhīṣmakṛpadroṇāḥ sagaṇā madhusūdana
devaiḥ api yudhā jetum śakyāḥ kim uta pāṇḍavaiḥ
devaiḥ api yudhā jetum śakyāḥ kim uta pāṇḍavaiḥ
14.
For indeed, O Madhusūdana, Bhīṣma, Kṛpa, and Droṇa, together with their retinues, cannot be conquered in battle even by the gods, much less by the Pāṇḍavas.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- हि (hi) - for indeed (for, indeed, because)
- भीष्मकृपद्रोणाः (bhīṣmakṛpadroṇāḥ) - Bhīṣma, Kṛpa, and Droṇa
- सगणा (sagaṇā) - along with their retinues (with their retinue, with their attendants)
- मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa) (O Slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa))
- देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods
- अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)
- युधा (yudhā) - in battle (by battle, with battle)
- जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer (to conquer, to win)
- शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - capable of being conquered (able to be, capable of being)
- किम् (kim) - how much (what?, why?, whether)
- उत (uta) - less so (or, even, moreover)
- पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
हि (hi) - for indeed (for, indeed, because)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle, giving a reason.
भीष्मकृपद्रोणाः (bhīṣmakṛpadroṇāḥ) - Bhīṣma, Kṛpa, and Droṇa
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīṣmakṛpadroṇa
bhīṣmakṛpadroṇa - Bhīṣma, Kṛpa, and Droṇa (a list of revered warriors/teachers)
Compound type : dvandva (bhīṣma+kṛpa+droṇa)
- bhīṣma – Bhīṣma (a revered warrior in the Mahābhārata)
proper noun (masculine) - kṛpa – Kṛpa (a revered warrior and teacher in the Mahābhārata)
proper noun (masculine) - droṇa – Droṇa (a revered teacher and warrior in the Mahābhārata)
proper noun (masculine)
Note: The plural ending applies to the group Bhīṣma, Kṛpa, and Droṇa.
सगणा (sagaṇā) - along with their retinues (with their retinue, with their attendants)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sagaṇa
sagaṇa - accompanied by a retinue or group
Compound 'sa' (with) + 'gaṇa' (group)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+gaṇa)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - gaṇa – group, multitude, retinue
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies the group of warriors.
मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa) (O Slayer of Madhu (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa))
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana
madhusūdana - Slayer of the demon Madhu (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa or Viṣṇu)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)
- madhu – Madhu (a demon), honey, sweet
noun (masculine) - sūdana – slayer, destroyer
noun (masculine)
Derived from root sūd (to destroy, kill)
Root: sūd (class 10)
Note: Addressed by the speaker.
देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva
deva - god, deity, divine being
Note: Agent in passive construction.
अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes 'devaiḥ'.
युधा (yudhā) - in battle (by battle, with battle)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of yudh
yudh - battle, fight, war
Root: yudh (class 4)
जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer (to conquer, to win)
(verb)
active, infinitive of ji
Infinitive
Infinitive form of root ji (to conquer)
Root: ji (class 1)
Note: Used with 'śakyāḥ'.
शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - capable of being conquered (able to be, capable of being)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śakya
śakya - possible, practicable, capable of being done
Gerundive (kṛtya)
Derived from root śak (to be able) with suffix -ya
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: Qualifies the list of warriors, implying 'they are capable of being conquered.' The 'na' negates this.
किम् (kim) - how much (what?, why?, whether)
(indeclinable)
Note: Part of the idiom 'kim uta'.
उत (uta) - less so (or, even, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Part of the idiom 'kim uta'.
पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava
pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu
Derived from Pāṇḍu with patronymic suffix
Note: Agent in passive construction, contrasted with 'devaiḥ'.