महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-119, verse-28

अथ तस्मादुपगतो गालवोऽप्याह पार्थिवम् ।
तपसो मेऽष्टभागेन स्वर्गमारोहतां भवान् ॥२८॥

28. atha tasmādupagato gālavo'pyāha pārthivam ,
tapaso me'ṣṭabhāgena svargamārohatāṁ bhavān.

28. atha tasmāt upagataḥ gālavaḥ api āha pārthivam
tapasaḥ me aṣṭabhāgena svargam ārohatām bhavān

28. Then Gālava, having approached from him, also said to the king, 'May you ascend to heaven by means of the eighth part of my ascetic merit (tapas).'

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from him (from him, from that, therefore)

• उपगतः (upagataḥ) - approached, came, arrived

• गालवः (gālavaḥ) - Gālava (a sage's name)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

• आह (āha) - he said, spoke

• पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - to the king

• तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of my ascetic merit (tapas) (of asceticism, of penance, of spiritual discipline (tapas))

• मे (me) - my (my, of me)

• अष्टभागेन (aṣṭabhāgena) - by means of the eighth part (by the eighth part)

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - to heaven

• आरोहताम् (ārohatām) - may you ascend (may he ascend, let him ascend (referring to 'you' honorifically))

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from him (from him, from that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उपगतः (upagataḥ) - approached, came, arrived

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upagata

upagata - approached, arrived, come near

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (class 1) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

गालवः (gālavaḥ) - Gālava (a sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - name of a sage, descendant of Gāla

अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

आह (āha) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Perfect Active Indicative

From root ah (class 2), perfect 3rd singular. Often used in present sense.

Root: ah (class 2)

पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - to the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, terrestrial; a king, ruler, prince

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).

तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of my ascetic merit (tapas) (of asceticism, of penance, of spiritual discipline (tapas))

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth; spiritual fervor, asceticism, penance, severe meditation

From root tap (to heat, to perform austerity).

Root: tap (class 1)

मे (me) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Can also be dative singular.

अष्टभागेन (aṣṭabhāgena) - by means of the eighth part (by the eighth part)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aṣṭabhāga

aṣṭabhāga - eighth part

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aṣṭa+bhāga)

• aṣṭa – eight
  numeral
• bhāga – part, share, portion
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhaj (to divide, to share).
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - to heaven

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial world

आरोहताम् (ārohatām) - may you ascend (may he ascend, let him ascend (referring to 'you' honorifically))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of āruh

Imperative Active

From root ruh (class 1) with prefix ā. Imperative 3rd singular, used honorifically for 2nd person (bhagavān).

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), sir, lord

Present active participle of bhū (to be) used as an honorific pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Grammatically takes 3rd person verb forms.