महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-119, verse-1

नारद उवाच ।
अथ प्रचलितः स्थानादासनाच्च परिच्युतः ।
कम्पितेनैव मनसा धर्षितः शोकवह्निना ॥१॥

1. nārada uvāca ,
atha pracalitaḥ sthānādāsanācca paricyutaḥ ,
kampitenaiva manasā dharṣitaḥ śokavahninā.

1. nāradaḥ uvāca | atha pracalitaḥ sthānāt āsanāt ca
paricyutaḥ | kampitena eva manasā dharṣitaḥ śokavahninā

1. Nārada said: Then, he departed from his place and fell from his seat, his mind agitated, assailed by the fire of sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (a divine sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• प्रचलितः (pracalitaḥ) - the king, having moved from his place (moved, departed)

• स्थानात् (sthānāt) - from his royal position/seat (from the place, from the position)

• आसनात् (āsanāt) - from his royal seat (from the seat)

• च (ca) - and, also

• परिच्युतः (paricyutaḥ) - fallen from his seat (fallen down, deprived of, separated from)

• कम्पितेन (kampitena) - by the trembling, by the agitated

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• मनसा (manasā) - by the mind

• धर्षितः (dharṣitaḥ) - assailed by the fire of sorrow (assailed, overcome, humiliated)

• शोकवह्निना (śokavahninā) - by the fire of sorrow

Words meanings and morphology

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (a divine sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (a divine sage, son of Brahmā)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root √vac, 2nd class (adādi), perfect form (Lit)

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

प्रचलितः (pracalitaḥ) - the king, having moved from his place (moved, departed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pracalita

pracalita - moved forward, departed, gone away

Past Passive Participle

From pra-√cal (to move)

Prefix: pra

Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicative adjective referring to the implied subject (the king).

स्थानात् (sthānāt) - from his royal position/seat (from the place, from the position)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, abode, standing

From √sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

आसनात् (āsanāt) - from his royal seat (from the seat)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - seat, sitting, posture

From √ās (to sit)

Root: ās (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

परिच्युतः (paricyutaḥ) - fallen from his seat (fallen down, deprived of, separated from)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paricyuta

paricyuta - fallen from, deprived of, separated from

Past Passive Participle

From pari-√cyu (to fall, move)

Prefix: pari

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicative adjective referring to the implied subject (the king).

कम्पितेन (kampitena) - by the trembling, by the agitated

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kampita

kampita - trembling, agitated, shaken

Past Passive Participle

From √kamp (to tremble)

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'manasā'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मनसा (manasā) - by the mind

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, consciousness, heart

धर्षितः (dharṣitaḥ) - assailed by the fire of sorrow (assailed, overcome, humiliated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharṣita

dharṣita - assailed, overcome, vanquished, humiliated

Past Passive Participle

From √dhṛṣ (to be bold, attack, overcome)

Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicative adjective referring to the implied subject (the king).

शोकवह्निना (śokavahninā) - by the fire of sorrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śokavahni

śokavahni - fire of sorrow, grief as fire

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+vahni)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From √śuc (to grieve)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• vahni – fire, Agni (god of fire)
  noun (masculine)
  From √vah (to carry)
  Root: vah (class 1)