महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-119, verse-19

ययातिरुवाच ।
नाहं प्रतिग्रहधनो ब्राह्मणः क्षत्रियो ह्यहम् ।
न च मे प्रवणा बुद्धिः परपुण्यविनाशने ॥१९॥

19. yayātiruvāca ,
nāhaṁ pratigrahadhano brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyo hyaham ,
na ca me pravaṇā buddhiḥ parapuṇyavināśane.

19. yayātiḥ uvāca | na aham pratigrahadhanaḥ brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyaḥ
hi aham | na ca me pravaṇā buddhiḥ parapuṇyavināśane

19. Yayati said: "I am not a Brahmin who lives on wealth obtained through accepting gifts; indeed, I am a Kṣatriya. My mind is also not at all inclined to destroy the merit (puṇya) of others."

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - The king Yayati speaking (Yayati)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• अहम् (aham) - Yayati referring to himself (I)

• प्रतिग्रहधनः (pratigrahadhanaḥ) - Yayati denies being such a person, typically a Brahmin. (one whose wealth is through acceptance of gifts)

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Yayati states he is not a Brahmin, as Brahmins traditionally accept gifts. (a Brahmin)

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - Yayati identifies himself as a Kshatriya, whose duty is to protect and rule, not accept gifts from others' merit. (a Kshatriya, warrior caste)

• हि (hi) - emphasizes the statement that he is a Kshatriya (indeed, surely, for)

• अहम् (aham) - Yayati referring to himself (I)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - connects the previous statement with this one (and, also)

• मे (me) - refers to Yayati's intellect (my, to me)

• प्रवणा (pravaṇā) - Yayati's mind is not inclined towards destroying others' merit. (inclined, bent towards, devoted to)

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - Yayati's mental disposition (intellect, mind, understanding)

• परपुण्यविनाशने (parapuṇyavināśane) - Refers to the act of accepting others' merit (puṇya), which is seen as destroying it for the giver. (in the destruction of others' merit)

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - The king Yayati speaking (Yayati)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayati (a celebrated ancient king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

root √vac, 3rd person singular perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - Yayati referring to himself (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

प्रतिग्रहधनः (pratigrahadhanaḥ) - Yayati denies being such a person, typically a Brahmin. (one whose wealth is through acceptance of gifts)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratigrahadhana

pratigrahadhana - one whose wealth comes from gifts, living by receiving

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pratigraha+dhana)

• pratigraha – acceptance, receiving gifts
  noun (masculine)
  from √grah with prati
  Prefix: prati
  Root: grah (class 9)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)

Note: A Brahmin's traditional source of income.

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Yayati states he is not a Brahmin, as Brahmins traditionally accept gifts. (a Brahmin)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - Yayati identifies himself as a Kshatriya, whose duty is to protect and rule, not accept gifts from others' merit. (a Kshatriya, warrior caste)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class

हि (hi) - emphasizes the statement that he is a Kshatriya (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: An emphatic particle.

अहम् (aham) - Yayati referring to himself (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - connects the previous statement with this one (and, also)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - refers to Yayati's intellect (my, to me)

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of the pronoun 'I', here expressing possession ('my').

प्रवणा (pravaṇā) - Yayati's mind is not inclined towards destroying others' merit. (inclined, bent towards, devoted to)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pravaṇa

pravaṇa - inclined, prone, devoted to, bent forward

from pra + √vaṇ (bend, incline)

Prefix: pra

Root: vaṇ

Note: Agrees with 'buddhiḥ'.

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - Yayati's mental disposition (intellect, mind, understanding)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, mind, understanding, perception

Root: budh (class 1)

परपुण्यविनाशने (parapuṇyavināśane) - Refers to the act of accepting others' merit (puṇya), which is seen as destroying it for the giver. (in the destruction of others' merit)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of parapuṇyavināśana

parapuṇyavināśana - destruction of others' merit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+puṇya+vināśana)

• para – other, another, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• puṇya – merit, virtue, good deed
  noun (neuter)
• vināśana – destruction, ruin, annihilation
  noun (neuter)
  Agent Noun/Action Noun
  from √naś (to perish) with vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: The compound is a Genitive Tatpuruṣa of "para-puṇya" followed by another Tatpuruṣa with "vināśana".