महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-40, verse-8

उत्तर उवाच ।
बिभेमि नाहमेतेषां जानामि त्वां स्थिरं युधि ।
केशवेनापि संग्रामे साक्षादिन्द्रेण वा समम् ॥८॥

8. uttara uvāca ,
bibhemi nāhameteṣāṁ jānāmi tvāṁ sthiraṁ yudhi ,
keśavenāpi saṁgrāme sākṣādindreṇa vā samam.

8. uttaraḥ uvāca bibhemi na aham eteṣām jānāmi tvām sthiram
yudhi keśavena api saṃgrāme sākṣāt indreṇa vā samam

8. Uttara said: "I do not fear these (enemies). I know you to be steadfast in battle, equal to Keśava (Kṛṣṇa) himself or even Indra in combat."

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तरः (uttaraḥ) - Prince Uttara (Uttara (a proper name), northern, later, answer)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• बिभेमि (bibhemi) - I fear

• न (na) - not, no

• अहम् (aham) - I

• एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these (enemies) (of these, among these)

• जानामि (jānāmi) - I know

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• स्थिरम् (sthiram) - steadfast (in battle) (firm, steady, steadfast)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in fight

• केशवेन (keśavena) - by Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in war

• साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - himself, indeed (directly, in person, visibly)

• इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

• वा (vā) - or

• समम् (samam) - equal to (equal, like, with)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तरः (uttaraḥ) - Prince Uttara (Uttara (a proper name), northern, later, answer)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttara

uttara - Uttara (proper name), northern, later, answer

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect active, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

बिभेमि (bibhemi) - I fear

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhī

Present active, 1st person singular.

Root: bhī (class 3)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates bibhemi.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of bibhemi.

एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these (enemies) (of these, among these)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: "Of these" (enemies).

जानामि (jānāmi) - I know

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Present active, 1st person singular.

Root: jñā (class 9)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of jānāmi.

स्थिरम् (sthiram) - steadfast (in battle) (firm, steady, steadfast)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthira

sthira - firm, steady, stable, steadfast

From √sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies tvām.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in fight

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

केशवेन (keśavena) - by Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa)

Note: Used in comparison with samam.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Enhances the comparison.

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, combat, war

From sam-grāma.

Note: "In combat."

साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - himself, indeed (directly, in person, visibly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes "Indra".

इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of the gods)

Note: Used in comparison with samam.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Keśava and Indra.

समम् (samam) - equal to (equal, like, with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially, indicating equality. Takes instrumental case for comparison.