महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-40, verse-18

यस्य याते न पश्यन्ति भूमौ प्राप्तं पदं पदम् ।
दक्षिणं यो धुरं युक्तः सुग्रीवसदृशो हयः ॥१८॥

18. yasya yāte na paśyanti bhūmau prāptaṁ padaṁ padam ,
dakṣiṇaṁ yo dhuraṁ yuktaḥ sugrīvasadṛśo hayaḥ.

18. yasya yāte na paśyanti bhūmau prāptam padam padam
dakṣiṇam yaḥ dhuram yuktaḥ sugrīvasadṛśaḥ hayaḥ

18. That horse, yoked to the right side (of the chariot) and resembling Sugrīva, moves with such speed that when it goes, people do not see its footprint (pada) on the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - of that horse (whose, of which)

• याते (yāte) - when it (the horse) moves (in the going, when it moves)

• न (na) - not, no

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - (people) see ((they) see, observe)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - made, imprinted (obtained, reached, made)

• पदम् (padam) - the mark or trace of a foot (step, mark, trace)

• पदम् (padam) - footprint (emphasizing the previous 'padam') (foot, footprint)

• दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - right (side of the yoke) (right, southern, skillful)

• यः (yaḥ) - which (horse) (who, which)

• धुरम् (dhuram) - the yoke (of the chariot) (yoke, burden, lead)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - yoked, harnessed (yoked, joined, equipped)

• सुग्रीवसदृशः (sugrīvasadṛśaḥ) - like Sugrīva (a famous horse) (resembling Sugrīva)

• हयः (hayaḥ) - horse

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - of that horse (whose, of which)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

याते (yāte) - when it (the horse) moves (in the going, when it moves)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, moved, having gone

Past Passive Participle

derived from root yā (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, implying 'when it has gone'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - (people) see ((they) see, observe)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of paś

present tense

root dṛś (dr̥ś) changes to paś in present stem formation

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - made, imprinted (obtained, reached, made)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, gained, arrived, achieved

Past Passive Participle

prefix pra- + root āp (to obtain)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'padam'.

पदम् (padam) - the mark or trace of a foot (step, mark, trace)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, mark, trace, position

Note: Object of 'paśyanti', qualified by 'prāptam'.

पदम् (padam) - footprint (emphasizing the previous 'padam') (foot, footprint)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - foot, step, mark, trace, position

Note: Appositive or emphatic repetition of the preceding 'padam'.

दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - right (side of the yoke) (right, southern, skillful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - right, southern, skillful, proper

Note: Modifies 'dhuram'.

यः (yaḥ) - which (horse) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Refers to 'hayaḥ'.

धुरम् (dhuram) - the yoke (of the chariot) (yoke, burden, lead)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhur

dhur - burden, yoke, front (of a chariot), lead

Note: Object with 'yuktaḥ'.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - yoked, harnessed (yoked, joined, equipped)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, connected, engaged, proper

Past Passive Participle

derived from root yuj (to join, yoke)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'hayaḥ'.

सुग्रीवसदृशः (sugrīvasadṛśaḥ) - like Sugrīva (a famous horse) (resembling Sugrīva)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīvasadṛśa

sugrīvasadṛśa - resembling Sugrīva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sugrīva+sadṛśa)

• sugrīva – Sugrīva (name of a famous horse, or the monkey king in Rāmāyaṇa)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sadṛśa – resembling, similar, like
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'hayaḥ'.

हयः (hayaḥ) - horse

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haya

haya - horse

Note: Subject of the sentence.