महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-40, verse-26

सनिर्घाताभवद्भूमिर्दिक्षु वायुर्ववौ भृशम् ।
भ्रान्तद्विजं खं तदासीत्प्रकम्पितमहाद्रुमम् ॥२६॥

26. sanirghātābhavadbhūmirdikṣu vāyurvavau bhṛśam ,
bhrāntadvijaṁ khaṁ tadāsītprakampitamahādrumam.

26. sa-nirghātā abhavat bhūmiḥ dikṣu vāyuḥ vavau bhṛśam
bhrānta-dvijam kham tadā āsīt prakampita-mahādrumam

26. The earth became thunderous, and the wind blew fiercely in all directions. At that time, the sky was filled with agitated birds, and the mighty trees trembled greatly.

Words meanings summery:

• स-निर्घाता (sa-nirghātā) - accompanied by thunder, thunderous

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth, ground

• दिक्षु (dikṣu) - in directions, on all sides

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind, air

• ववौ (vavau) - blew

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - intensely, vehemently, exceedingly

• भ्रान्त-द्विजम् (bhrānta-dvijam) - with agitated birds, having wandering birds

• खम् (kham) - sky, atmosphere, space

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• प्रकम्पित-महाद्रुमम् (prakampita-mahādrumam) - with greatly trembling mighty trees, having greatly agitated large trees

Words meanings and morphology

स-निर्घाता (sa-nirghātā) - accompanied by thunder, thunderous

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sanirghāta

sanirghāta - accompanied by a thunderous sound, thunderous, crashing

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+nirghāta)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• nirghāta – thunder, crashing sound, violent stroke
  noun (masculine)
  From the root 'han' with prefix 'nis'.
  Prefix: nis
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Feminine form of the adjective, agreeing with 'bhūmiḥ'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect active 3rd singular

Root 'bhū' (class 1) in imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular. Augmented form a-bhū-t.

Root: bhū (class 1)

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

Root: bhū

Note: Subject of the verb 'abhavat'.

दिक्षु (dikṣu) - in directions, on all sides

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, region, side

Root: diś

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind, air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, the god of wind

Root: vā

Note: Subject of the verb 'vavau'.

ववौ (vavau) - blew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vā

Perfect active 3rd singular

Root 'vā' (class 2) in perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular. Reduplicated form.

Root: vā (class 2)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - intensely, vehemently, exceedingly

(indeclinable)

भ्रान्त-द्विजम् (bhrānta-dvijam) - with agitated birds, having wandering birds

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhrāntadvija

bhrāntadvija - having agitated or wandering birds

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (bhrānta+dvija)

• bhrānta – wandered, agitated, confused
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root 'bhram' (to wander).
  Root: bhram (class 1)
• dvija – twice-born (a bird, a Brahmin, a tooth)
  noun (masculine)
  Literally 'dvi-ja' (born twice).
  Root: jan

Note: Agrees with 'kham' (sky).

खम् (kham) - sky, atmosphere, space

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, ether, space, zero, aperture

Note: Subject of the verb 'āsīt'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from the pronoun 'tad' (that).

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect active 3rd singular

Root 'as' (class 2) in imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular. Augmented form a-s-īt.

Root: as (class 2)

प्रकम्पित-महाद्रुमम् (prakampita-mahādrumam) - with greatly trembling mighty trees, having greatly agitated large trees

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prakampitamahādruma

prakampitamahādruma - having greatly trembling mighty trees

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (prakampita+mahādruma)

• prakampita – greatly trembling, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root 'kamp' with prefix 'pra' (to tremble greatly).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kamp (class 1)
• mahādruma – mighty tree, large tree
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'druma' (tree).

Note: Agrees with 'kham' (sky).