महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-40, verse-21

योऽयं वहति ते पार्ष्णिं दक्षिणामञ्चितोद्यतः ।
बलाहकादपि मतः स जवे वीर्यवत्तरः ॥२१॥

21. yo'yaṁ vahati te pārṣṇiṁ dakṣiṇāmañcitodyataḥ ,
balāhakādapi mataḥ sa jave vīryavattaraḥ.

21. yaḥ ayam vahati te pārṣṇim dakṣiṇām añcitodyataḥ
balāhakāt api mataḥ saḥ jave vīryavattaraḥ

21. This horse, which is gracefully poised and pulls your right rear flank, is considered even more powerful in speed than Balāhaka.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - which (horse) (who, which)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (horse) (this, this one)

• वहति (vahati) - carries, bears, pulls

• ते (te) - your (referring to the addressee) (your, to you)

• पार्ष्णिम् (pārṣṇim) - rear part or flank (of the chariot) (hind part, rear, flank)

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - right (side of the rear flank) (right, southern, skillful)

• अञ्चितोद्यतः (añcitodyataḥ) - gracefully poised, elegantly ready

• बलाहकात् (balāhakāt) - than Balāhaka (a famous celestial horse) (than Balāhaka)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• मतः (mataḥ) - (is) considered (by people) (considered, thought, believed)

• सः (saḥ) - that (horse) (he, that)

• जवे (jave) - in speed, in swiftness

• वीर्यवत्तरः (vīryavattaraḥ) - more valorous, more energetic, more powerful

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - which (horse) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

अयम् (ayam) - this (horse) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Corresponds to 'yaḥ', referring to the horse being described.

वहति (vahati) - carries, bears, pulls

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vah

present tense

Root: vah (class 1)

ते (te) - your (referring to the addressee) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Functions as a possessive pronoun modifying 'pārṣṇim'.

पार्ष्णिम् (pārṣṇim) - rear part or flank (of the chariot) (hind part, rear, flank)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pārṣṇi

pārṣṇi - heel, hind part (of a chariot), rear guard, flank (of an army)

Note: Object of 'vahati'.

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - right (side of the rear flank) (right, southern, skillful)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - right, southern, skillful, proper

Note: Modifies 'pārṣṇim'.

अञ्चितोद्यतः (añcitodyataḥ) - gracefully poised, elegantly ready

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of añcitodyata

añcitodyata - gracefully poised, elegantly ready, beautifully alert

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (añcita+udyata)

• añcita – curved, graceful, honored, moving gracefully
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root añc (to bend, honor)
  Root: añc (class 1)
• udyata – raised, prepared, ready, energetic
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  prefix ud- + root yam (to restrain, hold)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'yaḥ ayam'.

बलाहकात् (balāhakāt) - than Balāhaka (a famous celestial horse) (than Balāhaka)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of balāhaka

balāhaka - Balāhaka (name of a famous horse, often one of Kṛṣṇa's horses)

Note: Used for comparison with 'vīryavattaraḥ'.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the comparison.

मतः (mataḥ) - (is) considered (by people) (considered, thought, believed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - thought, considered, believed, intended

Past Passive Participle

derived from root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'saḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - that (horse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yaḥ ayam', subject of the main clause.

जवे (jave) - in speed, in swiftness

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, velocity

derived from root jū (to be swift)

Root: jū (class 1)

Note: Indicates the domain of comparison.

वीर्यवत्तरः (vīryavattaraḥ) - more valorous, more energetic, more powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavattara

vīryavattara - more valiant, more energetic, more powerful (comparative of vīryavat)

comparative degree of vīryavat (valiant, powerful), formed with suffix -tara

Note: Predicate adjective for 'saḥ'.