महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-40, verse-27

तं शब्दं कुरवोऽजानन्विस्फोटमशनेरिव ।
यदर्जुनो धनुःश्रेष्ठं बाहुभ्यामाक्षिपद्रथे ॥२७॥

27. taṁ śabdaṁ kuravo'jānanvisphoṭamaśaneriva ,
yadarjuno dhanuḥśreṣṭhaṁ bāhubhyāmākṣipadrathe.

27. tam śabdam kuravaḥ ajānan visphoṭam aśaneḥ iva yat
arjunaḥ dhanuḥ-śreṣṭham bāhubhyām ākṣipat rathe

27. The Kurus knew that sound to be like the explosion of a thunderbolt, because Arjuna was twanging his excellent bow with his two arms while in his chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that

• शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound, noise

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus (descendants of Kuru)

• अजानन् (ajānan) - knew, recognized

• विस्फोटम् (visphoṭam) - explosion, bursting

• अशनेः (aśaneḥ) - of a thunderbolt, of lightning

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• यत् (yat) - because, that (conjunction)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• धनुः-श्रेष्ठम् (dhanuḥ-śreṣṭham) - excellent bow, best of bows

• बाहुभ्याम् (bāhubhyām) - with two arms

• आक्षिपत् (ākṣipat) - drew (the bowstring), twanged

• रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'śabdam'.

शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound, noise

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, voice

Note: Direct object of the implied verb of knowing.

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus (descendants of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a Kuru (a member of the Kuru dynasty), often refers to the Kauravas

Note: Subject of the verb 'ajānan'.

अजानन् (ajānan) - knew, recognized

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of jñā

Imperfect active 3rd plural

Root 'jñā' (class 9, 'jānāti') in imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person plural. Augmented form a-jñā-an.

Root: jñā (class 9)

विस्फोटम् (visphoṭam) - explosion, bursting

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of visphoṭa

visphoṭa - explosion, bursting, splitting, cracking

From the root 'sphuṭ' (to burst) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphuṭ (class 6)

Note: Acts as the complement to 'śabdam' with 'ajānan'.

अशनेः (aśaneḥ) - of a thunderbolt, of lightning

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aśani

aśani - thunderbolt, lightning, Indra's weapon

Note: Indicates possession or origin, 'of a thunderbolt'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

यत् (yat) - because, that (conjunction)

(indeclinable)

Relative conjunction or adverb.

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍava princes, known for his archery)

Note: Subject of 'ākṣipat'.

धनुः-श्रेष्ठम् (dhanuḥ-śreṣṭham) - excellent bow, best of bows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanuśreṣṭha

dhanuśreṣṭha - excellent bow, best of bows

Compound of 'dhanus' (bow) and 'śreṣṭha' (best).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dhanus+śreṣṭha)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, principal
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).

Note: Object of 'ākṣipat'.

बाहुभ्याम् (bāhubhyām) - with two arms

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of bāhu

bāhu - arm

Note: Indicates the instrument by which the action is performed.

आक्षिपत् (ākṣipat) - drew (the bowstring), twanged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṣip

Imperfect active 3rd singular

Root 'kṣip' (class 6) with prefix 'ā' in imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: ā

Root: kṣip (class 6)

रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram