महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-40, verse-19

योऽयं धुरं धुर्यवरो वामं वहति शोभनः ।
तं मन्ये मेघपुष्पस्य जवेन सदृशं हयम् ॥१९॥

19. yo'yaṁ dhuraṁ dhuryavaro vāmaṁ vahati śobhanaḥ ,
taṁ manye meghapuṣpasya javena sadṛśaṁ hayam.

19. yaḥ ayam dhuram dhuryavaraḥ vāmam vahati śobhanaḥ
tam manye meghapuṣpasya javena sadṛśam hayam

19. I consider this excellent and beautiful horse, the best among the draught animals, which pulls the left side (of the yoke), to be similar in speed to Meghapuṣpa.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - which (horse) (who, which)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (horse) (this, this one)

• धुरम् (dhuram) - the yoke (of the chariot) (yoke, burden, lead)

• धुर्यवरः (dhuryavaraḥ) - best of those yoked, best draught animal

• वामम् (vāmam) - left (side of the yoke) (left, beautiful, pleasing)

• वहति (vahati) - carries, bears, pulls

• शोभनः (śobhanaḥ) - beautiful, excellent, splendid

• तम् (tam) - that (horse) (him, that)

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I consider

• मेघपुष्पस्य (meghapuṣpasya) - of Meghapuṣpa (a famous celestial horse) (of Meghapuṣpa)

• जवेन (javena) - by speed, with speed

• सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - similar, like, resembling

• हयम् (hayam) - horse

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - which (horse) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

अयम् (ayam) - this (horse) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Corresponds to 'yaḥ', referring to the horse being described.

धुरम् (dhuram) - the yoke (of the chariot) (yoke, burden, lead)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhur

dhur - burden, yoke, front (of a chariot), lead

Note: Object of 'vahati'.

धुर्यवरः (dhuryavaraḥ) - best of those yoked, best draught animal

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhuryavara

dhuryavara - best among those fit for the yoke or bearing a burden, best draught animal

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhurya+vara)

• dhurya – fit for the yoke, draught animal, burden-bearer
  adjective (masculine)
• vara – best, excellent, principal
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Appositive for 'yaḥ ayam'.

वामम् (vāmam) - left (side of the yoke) (left, beautiful, pleasing)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vāma

vāma - left, beautiful, pleasing, lovely

Note: Modifies 'dhuram'.

वहति (vahati) - carries, bears, pulls

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vah

present tense

Root: vah (class 1)

शोभनः (śobhanaḥ) - beautiful, excellent, splendid

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śobhana

śobhana - beautiful, splendid, excellent, auspicious

derived from root śubh (to shine)

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'yaḥ ayam'.

तम् (tam) - that (horse) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yaḥ ayam', object of 'manye'.

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

present tense

Root: man (class 4)

मेघपुष्पस्य (meghapuṣpasya) - of Meghapuṣpa (a famous celestial horse) (of Meghapuṣpa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of meghapuṣpa

meghapuṣpa - Meghapuṣpa (name of a famous horse, often one of Kṛṣṇa's horses)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (megha+puṣpa)

• megha – cloud
  noun (masculine)
• puṣpa – flower
  noun (neuter)

जवेन (javena) - by speed, with speed

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, velocity

derived from root jū (to be swift)

Root: jū (class 1)

Note: Indicates the manner of similarity.

सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - similar, like, resembling

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, resembling, equal

prefix sa- + root dṛś (to see)

Prefix: sa

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'tam hayam'.

हयम् (hayam) - horse

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of haya

haya - horse

Note: Object of 'manye', corresponding to 'tam'.