महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-29, verse-27

स स्म गत्वा यथोद्दिष्टां दिशं वह्नेर्महीपतिः ।
आदत्त गाः सुशर्माथ घर्मपक्षस्य सप्तमीम् ॥२७॥

27. sa sma gatvā yathoddiṣṭāṁ diśaṁ vahnermahīpatiḥ ,
ādatta gāḥ suśarmātha gharmapakṣasya saptamīm.

27. sa sma gatvā yathā uddiṣṭām diśam vahneḥ mahīpatiḥ
ādatta gāḥ suśarmā atha gharmapakṣasya saptamīm

27. Then King Suśarmā, having gone to the previously indicated direction of Agni (South-East), seized the cows on the seventh day of the hot season.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• स्म (sma) - indeed, verily, a particle denoting past action or emphasis

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• यथा (yathā) - as, like, according to

• उद्दिष्टाम् (uddiṣṭām) - indicated, directed, specified

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

• वह्नेः (vahneḥ) - of Agni, referring to the South-East direction associated with the fire-god Agni (of fire, of Agni)

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, ruler of the earth

• आदत्त (ādatta) - he took, he seized, he received

• गाः (gāḥ) - cows, cattle

• सुशर्मा (suśarmā) - Suśarmā (a proper name)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• घर्मपक्षस्य (gharmapakṣasya) - of the hot season's fortnight

• सप्तमीम् (saptamīm) - the seventh day (tithi) of the fortnight (the seventh)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स्म (sma) - indeed, verily, a particle denoting past action or emphasis

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used with a present verb to indicate a past action, but here with an imperfect verb it adds emphasis.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Suffix -tvā

Root: gam (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, like, according to

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms part of the compound 'yathoddiṣṭām'.

उद्दिष्टाम् (uddiṣṭām) - indicated, directed, specified

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of uddiṣṭa

uddiṣṭa - indicated, specified, designated, directed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ud-diś (to point out, direct)

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'diśam'.

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region

वह्नेः (vahneḥ) - of Agni, referring to the South-East direction associated with the fire-god Agni (of fire, of Agni)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - fire, Agni (the fire god), the digestive fire

Note: Vahni, being Agni, is often associated with the South-East direction in Hindu cosmology.

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, ruler of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

आदत्त (ādatta) - he took, he seized, he received

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of ādā

Derived from √dā (to give) with upasarga ā, changing meaning to 'to take' or 'to seize'

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

गाः (gāḥ) - cows, cattle

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth

सुशर्मा (suśarmā) - Suśarmā (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suśarman

suśarman - Suśarman (name of a king, a chief of the Trigartas)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

घर्मपक्षस्य (gharmapakṣasya) - of the hot season's fortnight

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gharmapakṣa

gharmapakṣa - the fortnight of the hot season (summer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gharma+pakṣa)

• gharma – heat, hot season, summer
  noun (masculine)
• pakṣa – fortnight (half month), side, wing
  noun (masculine)

सप्तमीम् (saptamīm) - the seventh day (tithi) of the fortnight (the seventh)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of saptamī

saptamī - the seventh (feminine), seventh day of a fortnight