महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-29, verse-14

तच्छ्रुत्वा वचनं तस्य कर्णो राजानमब्रवीत् ।
सूक्तं सुशर्मणा वाक्यं प्राप्तकालं हितं च नः ॥१४॥

14. tacchrutvā vacanaṁ tasya karṇo rājānamabravīt ,
sūktaṁ suśarmaṇā vākyaṁ prāptakālaṁ hitaṁ ca naḥ.

14. tat śrutvā vacanam tasya karṇaḥ rājānam abravīt
sūktam suśarmaṇā vākyam prāptakālam hitam ca naḥ

14. Upon hearing his words, Karṇa spoke to the king: 'The statement made by Suśarman is well-said, timely, and beneficial for us.'

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the speech) (that, therefore)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - upon hearing (having heard, having listened)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - words (referring to the previous verse's statement) (word, speech, statement)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Suśarman from previous context, or general 'him' from the deliberation) (his, of him, of that)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (Duryodhana, in this context) (king)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (he spoke, he said)

• सूक्तम् (sūktam) - well-said (well-spoken, eloquent, a good saying)

• सुशर्मणा (suśarmaṇā) - by Suśarman

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement (speech, statement, sentence, words)

• प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - timely (timely, opportune, appropriate)

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial (beneficial, advantageous, good)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• नः (naḥ) - for us (to us, for us, our)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the speech) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Neuter accusative singular of tad, referring to the preceding statement/words.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - upon hearing (having heard, having listened)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root śru with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

वचनम् (vacanam) - words (referring to the previous verse's statement) (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech, statement

Derived from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Suśarman from previous context, or general 'him' from the deliberation) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine genitive singular of tad.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a famous warrior in Mahabharata), ear

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (Duryodhana, in this context) (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense, Active Voice

From root brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Third person singular active voice imperfect of brū.

सूक्तम् (sūktam) - well-said (well-spoken, eloquent, a good saying)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sūkta

sūkta - well-spoken, eloquently said, a good saying

Past Passive Participle

From su (well) + root vac (to speak)

Prefix: su

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Neuter nominative singular, agreeing with vākyam.

सुशर्मणा (suśarmaṇā) - by Suśarman

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of suśarman

suśarman - Suśarman (name of a king of Trigarta)

Note: Instrumental singular of the proper noun Suśarman.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement (speech, statement, sentence, words)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, statement, sentence, words, declaration

Derived from vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative, agreeing with sūktam, prāptakālam, hitam.

प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - timely (timely, opportune, appropriate)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāptakāla

prāptakāla - arrived time, opportune time, timely, appropriate

Compound: prāpta (arrived, obtained) + kāla (time)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (prāpta+kāla)

• prāpta – obtained, reached, arrived, acquired
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra-āp
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• kāla – time, season, opportunity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Neuter nominative singular, agreeing with vākyam.

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial (beneficial, advantageous, good)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, advantageous, good, placed, proper

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place)

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Neuter nominative singular, agreeing with vākyam.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects prāptakālam and hitam.

नः (naḥ) - for us (to us, for us, our)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Dative/Genitive plural enclitic of asmad. Here, 'for us' implies dative.