महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-29, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अथ राजा त्रिगर्तानां सुशर्मा रथयूथपः ।
प्राप्तकालमिदं वाक्यमुवाच त्वरितो भृशम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
atha rājā trigartānāṁ suśarmā rathayūthapaḥ ,
prāptakālamidaṁ vākyamuvāca tvarito bhṛśam.

1. vaiśampāyana uvāca atha rājā trigartānām suśarmā
rathayūthapaḥ prāptakālam idam vākyam uvāca tvaritaḥ bhṛśam

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, Suśarman, the king of the Trigartas and a commander of chariot divisions, spoke this opportune statement, very quickly.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• त्रिगर्तानाम् (trigartānām) - of the Trigartas (a people/country)

• सुशर्मा (suśarmā) - Suśarman (name of a king)

• रथयूथपः (rathayūthapaḥ) - commander of a division of chariots

• प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - opportune, timely, at the right time

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, speech, word

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - hurried, quick, quickened

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - very, greatly, exceedingly

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (proper noun, name of a sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

त्रिगर्तानाम् (trigartānām) - of the Trigartas (a people/country)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of trigarta

trigarta - Trigarta (name of a country or its people)

सुशर्मा (suśarmā) - Suśarman (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suśarman

suśarman - Suśarman (proper noun, name of a king, lit. 'one with good protection')

रथयूथपः (rathayūthapaḥ) - commander of a division of chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathayūthapa

rathayūthapa - commander of a chariot division

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+yūthapa)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – chief of a troop/herd, commander
  noun (masculine)

प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - opportune, timely, at the right time

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāptakāla

prāptakāla - opportune, timely, that for which the time has arrived

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāpta+kāla)

• prāpta – obtained, reached
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vākyam (neuter accusative singular)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with vākyam (neuter accusative singular)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, speech, word

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - statement, speech, sentence, word

Root: vac (class 2)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - hurried, quick, quickened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hurried, quick, quickened

past passive participle

From root tvar (to hurry)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Suśarman (masculine nominative singular)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - very, greatly, exceedingly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use