महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-23, verse-16

भीमसेन उवाच ।
ये यस्या विचरन्तीह पुरुषा वशवर्तिनः ।
तस्यास्ते वचनं श्रुत्वा अनृणा विचरन्त्युत ॥१६॥

16. bhīmasena uvāca ,
ye yasyā vicarantīha puruṣā vaśavartinaḥ ,
tasyāste vacanaṁ śrutvā anṛṇā vicarantyuta.

16. bhīmasenaḥ uvāca ye yasyāḥ vicaranti iha puruṣāḥ
vaśavartinaḥ tasyāḥ te vacanam śrutvā anṛṇāḥ vicaranti uta

16. Bhimasena said: 'The persons who move about here, obedient to whosoever they may be, they, having heard her (Draupadi's) word, also act free from obligation (anṛṇāḥ).'

Words meanings summery:

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ये (ye) - Refers to 'puruṣāḥ' (who, those who)

• यस्याः (yasyāḥ) - Refers to the person to whom obedience is owed (whose, of whom)

• विचरन्ति (vicaranti) - they move about, they act

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men, persons

• वशवर्तिनः (vaśavartinaḥ) - obedient, subject to the will (of another)

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - Refers to Draupadi (of her, her)

• ते (te) - Refers to 'puruṣāḥ' (they)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, command, speech

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• अनृणाः (anṛṇāḥ) - free from debt, free from obligation

• विचरन्ति (vicaranti) - they move about, they act

• उत (uta) - and, moreover, also

Words meanings and morphology

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (proper noun, one of the Pandavas)

Note: Speaker

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, Reduplicated Perfect (Lit)

Root: vac (class 2)

ये (ye) - Refers to 'puruṣāḥ' (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

यस्याः (yasyāḥ) - Refers to the person to whom obedience is owed (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

विचरन्ति (vicaranti) - they move about, they act

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of car

Present Tense

3rd person plural, Parasmaipada, root car with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men, persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

Note: Subject of 'vicaranti'

वशवर्तिनः (vaśavartinaḥ) - obedient, subject to the will (of another)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaśavartin

vaśavartin - obedient, subject to command, under control

derived from vaśa (will, control) + vartin (being)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaśa+vartin)

• vaśa – will, control, power
  noun (masculine)
• vartin – being, existing, acting
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix -in denoting 'one who is' or 'one who acts'
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'puruṣāḥ'

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - Refers to Draupadi (of her, her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

ते (te) - Refers to 'puruṣāḥ' (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, they

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, command, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, command

derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

derived from root śru (to hear) with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

अनृणाः (anṛṇāḥ) - free from debt, free from obligation

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anṛṇa

anṛṇa - free from debt, free from obligation

negation 'a' + ṛṇa (debt)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+ṛṇa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• ṛṇa – debt, obligation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'puruṣāḥ' / 'ye' / 'te'

विचरन्ति (vicaranti) - they move about, they act

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of car

Present Tense

3rd person plural, Parasmaipada, root car with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

उत (uta) - and, moreover, also

(indeclinable)