महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-23, verse-15

तं विस्मयन्ती शनकैः संज्ञाभिरिदमब्रवीत् ।
गन्धर्वराजाय नमो येनास्मि परिमोचिता ॥१५॥

15. taṁ vismayantī śanakaiḥ saṁjñābhiridamabravīt ,
gandharvarājāya namo yenāsmi parimocitā.

15. tam vismayantī śanakaiḥ saṃjñābhiḥ idam abravīt
gandharvarājāya namaḥ yena asmi parimocitā

15. Wondering, she slowly spoke to him with gestures, saying, 'Salutations to the king of Gandharvas, by whom I was liberated!'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Refers to Bhimasena (him, that)

• विस्मयन्ती (vismayantī) - wondering, being surprised

• शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly, gradually, gently

• संज्ञाभिः (saṁjñābhiḥ) - with gestures, by signs

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the following speech (this)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• गन्धर्वराजाय (gandharvarājāya) - Here referring to Bhimasena in his disguise as the Gandharva king Vallabha (to the king of Gandharvas)

• नमः (namaḥ) - salutation, obeisance

• येन (yena) - Refers to the Gandharva king (Bhimasena) (by whom, by which)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• परिमोचिता (parimocitā) - liberated, released

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Refers to Bhimasena (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विस्मयन्ती (vismayantī) - wondering, being surprised

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vismayat

vismayat - wondering, being surprised

Present Active Participle

derived from root smi (to wonder, be surprised) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject Draupadi

शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly, gradually, gently

(indeclinable)

instrumental plural of śanaka used as an adverb

संज्ञाभिः (saṁjñābhiḥ) - with gestures, by signs

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of saṃjñā

saṁjñā - sign, gesture, signal, name

Prefix: sam

Root: jñā (class 9)

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the following speech (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (luṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, augment 'a' prefix, root brū or vac

Root: brū (class 2)

गन्धर्वराजाय (gandharvarājāya) - Here referring to Bhimasena in his disguise as the Gandharva king Vallabha (to the king of Gandharvas)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of gandharvarāja

gandharvarāja - king of Gandharvas

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (gandharva+rājan)

• gandharva – celestial musician, Gandharva
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Recipient of salutations

नमः (namaḥ) - salutation, obeisance

(indeclinable)

originally a neuter noun, often used as an indeclinable

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Often takes a dative object

येन (yena) - Refers to the Gandharva king (Bhimasena) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Tense

1st person singular, Parasmaipada

Root: as (class 2)

परिमोचिता (parimocitā) - liberated, released

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parimocita

parimocita - liberated, released

Past Passive Participle

derived from root muc (to release) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: muc (class 6)