महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-93, verse-23

तत्र स्म गाथा गायन्ति मनुष्या भरतर्षभ ।
अन्नपानैः शुभैस्तृप्ता देशे देशे सुवर्चसः ॥२३॥

23. tatra sma gāthā gāyanti manuṣyā bharatarṣabha ,
annapānaiḥ śubhaistṛptā deśe deśe suvarcasaḥ.

23. tatra sma gāthāḥ gāyanti manuṣyāḥ bharatarṣabha
annapānaiḥ śubhaiḥ tṛptāḥ deśe deśe suvarcasaḥ

23. O chief of the Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha), there people (manuṣyāḥ) sang songs (gāthāḥ), satisfied (tṛptāḥ) with excellent food and drink (annapānaiḥ śubhaiḥ), radiant (suvarcasaḥ) in every region (deśe deśe).

23. שם אנשים זוהרים, הו מובחר בני בְּהַרַטַה, שבעים ממזון ומשקה טובים, שרו שירים בכל ארץ וארץ.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - at that location (of the sacrifice) (there, at that place)

• स्म (sma) - (particle used with present tense verb to indicate past action) (indeed, certainly (historical present particle))

• गाथाः (gāthāḥ) - songs (songs, verses, stanzas)

• गायन्ति (gāyanti) - they sang (with 'sma') (they sing)

• मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - people (people, men, human beings)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O chief among the Bhāratas (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Bhāratas, O chief of Bhāratas)

• अन्नपानैः (annapānaiḥ) - with food and drink (by food and drink)

• शुभैः (śubhaiḥ) - with excellent (food and drink) (by auspicious, by excellent, by good)

• तृप्ताः (tṛptāḥ) - satisfied (satisfied, content, satiated)

• देशे (deśe) - in every region (in the place, in the region)

• देशे (deśe) - in every region (in the place, in the region)

• सुवर्चसः (suvarcasaḥ) - radiant, full of splendor (radiant, glorious, bright)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - at that location (of the sacrifice) (there, at that place)

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) + 'tral' suffix

स्म (sma) - (particle used with present tense verb to indicate past action) (indeed, certainly (historical present particle))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with gāyanti to indicate past tense.

गाथाः (gāthāḥ) - songs (songs, verses, stanzas)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of gāthā

gāthā - song, verse, stanza, narrative poem

Note: Object of 'gāyanti'.

गायन्ति (gāyanti) - they sang (with 'sma') (they sing)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gā

Present Active

Root 'gā' (to sing), present third plural active

Root: gā (class 3)

Note: Verb for 'manuṣyāḥ', with sma indicates past action.

मनुष्याः (manuṣyāḥ) - people (people, men, human beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human being, man, person

Note: Subject of 'gāyanti'.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O chief among the Bhāratas (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Bhāratas, O chief of Bhāratas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bharatas, chief of Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a king, a region
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Address.

अन्नपानैः (annapānaiḥ) - with food and drink (by food and drink)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of annapāna

annapāna - food and drink

Compound type : dvandva (anna+pāna)

• anna – food, grain, rice
  noun (neuter)
• pāna – drink, act of drinking
  noun (neuter)

Note: Means by which they were satisfied.

शुभैः (śubhaiḥ) - with excellent (food and drink) (by auspicious, by excellent, by good)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, excellent

Note: Agrees with 'annapānaiḥ'.

तृप्ताः (tṛptāḥ) - satisfied (satisfied, content, satiated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tṛpta

tṛpta - satisfied, content, satiated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'tṛp' (to satisfy) + 'kta' suffix

Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'manuṣyāḥ'.

देशे (deśe) - in every region (in the place, in the region)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country

Note: Repetition 'deśe deśe' implies 'in every region' or 'from region to region'.

देशे (deśe) - in every region (in the place, in the region)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country

Note: Repetition for emphasis, 'in every region'.

सुवर्चसः (suvarcasaḥ) - radiant, full of splendor (radiant, glorious, bright)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suvarcas

suvarcas - radiant, glorious, having good lustre

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+varcas)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• varcas – radiance, brilliance, energy, vigor
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'manuṣyāḥ'.

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