महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-66, verse-20

बाढमित्येव तामुक्त्वा हृष्टा मातृष्वसा नृप ।
गुप्तां बलेन महता पुत्रस्यानुमते ततः ॥२०॥

20. bāḍhamityeva tāmuktvā hṛṣṭā mātṛṣvasā nṛpa ,
guptāṁ balena mahatā putrasyānumate tataḥ.

20. bāḍham iti eva tām uktvā hṛṣṭā mātṛṣvasā nṛpa
| guptām balena mahatā putrasya anumate tataḥ

20. Having said 'Yes, certainly' to her, O king, the delighted maternal aunt then, with her son's permission, arranged for her to be protected by a large force.

Words meanings summery:

• बाढम् (bāḍham) - yes, certainly, indeed, very much

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotation marker)

• एव (eva) - even, only, indeed

• ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine singular)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• हृष्टा (hṛṣṭā) - delighted, joyful, pleased

• मातृष्वसा (mātṛṣvasā) - maternal aunt (mother's sister)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

• गुप्ताम् (guptām) - protected (referring to the person requesting passage) (protected, guarded, hidden (accusative feminine))

• बलेन (balena) - by force, by power, by strength

• महता (mahatā) - by great, by large

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son

• अनुमते (anumate) - by the permission, with the consent

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, therefore

Words meanings and morphology

बाढम् (bāḍham) - yes, certainly, indeed, very much

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root vac (which becomes uk in past forms) with suffix tvā.

Root: vac (class 2)

हृष्टा (hṛṣṭā) - delighted, joyful, pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, pleased

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛṣ (to be delighted).

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies mātṛṣvasā.

मातृष्वसा (mātṛṣvasā) - maternal aunt (mother's sister)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛṣvasṛ

mātṛṣvasṛ - maternal aunt (mother's sister)

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

गुप्ताम् (guptām) - protected (referring to the person requesting passage) (protected, guarded, hidden (accusative feminine))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gupta

gupta - protected, guarded, hidden

Past Passive Participle

From root gup (to protect, to hide).

Root: gup (class 1)

बलेन (balena) - by force, by power, by strength

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, force, power, army

महता (mahatā) - by great, by large

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agreeing with balena.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

अनुमते (anumate) - by the permission, with the consent

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of anumati

anumati - permission, consent, approval

Prefix: anu

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Often used in locative for 'with consent'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, therefore

(indeclinable)

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