महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-290, verse-12

सूर्य उवाच ।
गमिष्येऽहं यथा मां त्वं ब्रवीषि तनुमध्यमे ।
न तु देवं समाहूय न्याय्यं प्रेषयितुं वृथा ॥१२॥

12. sūrya uvāca ,
gamiṣye'haṁ yathā māṁ tvaṁ bravīṣi tanumadhyame ,
na tu devaṁ samāhūya nyāyyaṁ preṣayituṁ vṛthā.

12. sūryaḥ uvāca | gamiṣye aham yathā mām tvam bravīṣi
tanumadhyame | na tu devam samāhūya nyāyyam preṣayitum vṛthā

12. The Sun said, "I will go, O slender-waisted one, as you instruct me. But it is not proper to invoke a deity and then send him away in vain."

Words meanings summery:

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - The Sun deity (Sun, Sun god)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• गमिष्ये (gamiṣye) - I will go

• अहम् (aham) - I

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way

• माम् (mām) - me

• त्वम् (tvam) - Kunti (you)

• ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you speak, you tell

• तनुमध्यमे (tanumadhyame) - Addressing Kunti (O slender-waisted one)

• न (na) - not

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• देवम् (devam) - The Sun god himself (a god, a deity)

• समाहूय (samāhūya) - having invoked, after calling

• न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - It is not proper (to do something) (proper, just, right)

• प्रेषयितुम् (preṣayitum) - to send away

• वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

Words meanings and morphology

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - The Sun deity (Sun, Sun god)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun god

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

गमिष्ये (gamiṣye) - I will go

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

Future Active

1st person singular future active

Root: gam (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

त्वम् (tvam) - Kunti (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you speak, you tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Present Active

2nd person singular present active

Root: brū (class 2)

तनुमध्यमे (tanumadhyame) - Addressing Kunti (O slender-waisted one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of tanumadhyamā

tanumadhyamā - slender-waisted (woman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tanu+madhyamā)

• tanu – slender, thin, body
  adjective (feminine)
• madhyamā – middle, middle part, waist
  noun (feminine)

Note: Compound

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

देवम् (devam) - The Sun god himself (a god, a deity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity

समाहूय (samāhūya) - having invoked, after calling

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from sam-ā-√hvā + -ya

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - It is not proper (to do something) (proper, just, right)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nyāyya

nyāyya - proper, just, right, reasonable

Gerundive

from nyāya

प्रेषयितुम् (preṣayitum) - to send away

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

from pra-√iṣ (causative root)

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

(indeclinable)