महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-290, verse-7

प्राणानुपस्पृश्य तदा आजुहाव दिवाकरम् ।
आजगाम ततो राजंस्त्वरमाणो दिवाकरः ॥७॥

7. prāṇānupaspṛśya tadā ājuhāva divākaram ,
ājagāma tato rājaṁstvaramāṇo divākaraḥ.

7. prāṇān upaspr̥śya tadā ājuhāva divākaram
ājagāma tataḥ rājan tvaramāṇaḥ divākaraḥ

7. Having purified herself (by touching water), she then invoked the sun god (divākaram). O king, the sun god (divākaraḥ) then quickly came.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - waters (for purification ritual) (breaths, life-airs, vital energies, waters)

• उपस्प्र्̥श्य (upaspr̥śya) - having touched (water for ritual purification) (having touched, having come into contact with)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• आजुहाव (ājuhāva) - invoked (invoked, called upon)

• दिवाकरम् (divākaram) - the sun god (divākaram) (the sun, maker of the day)

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - came (came, arrived)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (Dhritarashtra, the narrator) (O king)

• त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - hurrying, quickly (hurrying, hastening, quickly)

• दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun god (divākaraḥ) (the sun, maker of the day)

Words meanings and morphology

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - waters (for purification ritual) (breaths, life-airs, vital energies, waters)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life-force, spirit, water

Note: Here refers to water for ācamana (ritual sipping/touching water).

उपस्प्र्̥श्य (upaspr̥śya) - having touched (water for ritual purification) (having touched, having come into contact with)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed with upa- prefix and root spr̥ś (class 6) + -ya suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: spr̥ś (class 6)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

आजुहाव (ājuhāva) - invoked (invoked, called upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ā-hu

Perfect active

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular of the root hu (class 3) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Subject implied (Kunti).

दिवाकरम् (divākaram) - the sun god (divākaram) (the sun, maker of the day)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - the sun, maker of the day

Compound: divā (day) + kara (maker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, during the day
  indeclinable
• kara – maker, doer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

आजगाम (ājagāma) - came (came, arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ā-gam

Perfect active

Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular of the root gam (class 1) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject is Divakara.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king (Dhritarashtra, the narrator) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - hurrying, quickly (hurrying, hastening, quickly)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvaramāṇa

tvaramāṇa - hurrying, hastening

Present Active Participle (Middle voice)

Formed from root tvar (class 1) + śānac (middle voice participle suffix).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Divakaraḥ.

दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun god (divākaraḥ) (the sun, maker of the day)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - the sun, maker of the day

Compound: divā (day) + kara (maker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, during the day
  indeclinable
• kara – maker, doer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)