महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-142, verse-8

तं वै श्यामं गुडाकेशं सिंहविक्रान्तगामिनम् ।
न पश्यामि महाबाहुं तेन तप्ये वृकोदर ॥८॥

8. taṁ vai śyāmaṁ guḍākeśaṁ siṁhavikrāntagāminam ,
na paśyāmi mahābāhuṁ tena tapye vṛkodara.

8. tam vai śyāmam guḍākeśam siṃhavikrāntagāminam
na paśyāmi mahābāhum tena tapye vṛkodara

8. O Vṛkodara, I grieve because I do not see him—that dark-complexioned Guḍākeśa (Arjuna), who moves with the prowess of a lion and possesses mighty arms.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• श्यामम् (śyāmam) - dark-complexioned (dark, black, dark-complexioned)

• गुडाकेशम् (guḍākeśam) - Arjuna, known as Guḍākeśa (Guḍākeśa (Arjuna, 'conqueror of sleep'))

• सिंहविक्रान्तगामिनम् (siṁhavikrāntagāminam) - walking with the prowess/stride of a lion

• न (na) - not

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see

• महाबाहुम् (mahābāhum) - mighty-armed, great-armed

• तेन (tena) - by that, therefore

• तप्ये (tapye) - I suffer, I grieve, I am afflicted

• वृकोदर (vṛkodara) - O Bhīma (having a wolf's belly (Bhīma))

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of paśyāmi.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

श्यामम् (śyāmam) - dark-complexioned (dark, black, dark-complexioned)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śyāma

śyāma - dark, black, dark-blue, dark-green, dark-complexioned

Note: Qualifies Guḍākeśa/Arjuna.

गुडाकेशम् (guḍākeśam) - Arjuna, known as Guḍākeśa (Guḍākeśa (Arjuna, 'conqueror of sleep'))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guḍākeśa

guḍākeśa - conqueror of sleep; an epithet of Arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (guḍāka+īśa)

• guḍāka – sleep, lump
  noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, master, controller
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś (to be master)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Object of paśyāmi.

सिंहविक्रान्तगामिनम् (siṁhavikrāntagāminam) - walking with the prowess/stride of a lion

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siṃhavikrāntagāmin

siṁhavikrāntagāmin - moving with the powerful stride of a lion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siṃha+vikrānta+gāmin)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• vikrānta – prowess, valor, mighty stride
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  From prefix vi + root kram (to step, stride)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)
• gāmin – going, moving, walking
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Guḍākeśa/Arjuna.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates paśyāmi.

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present stem paśya- from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महाबाहुम् (mahābāhum) - mighty-armed, great-armed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - great-armed, mighty-armed; an epithet of powerful warriors

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Guḍākeśa/Arjuna.

तेन (tena) - by that, therefore

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the fact of not seeing Arjuna.

तप्ये (tapye) - I suffer, I grieve, I am afflicted

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of tap

Root: tap (class 1)

वृकोदर (vṛkodara) - O Bhīma (having a wolf's belly (Bhīma))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied; an epithet of Bhīma

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach
  noun (neuter)