महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-142, verse-5

नकुलात्पूर्वजं पार्थं न पश्याम्यमितौजसम् ।
अजेयमुग्रधन्वानं तेन तप्ये वृकोदर ॥५॥

5. nakulātpūrvajaṁ pārthaṁ na paśyāmyamitaujasam ,
ajeyamugradhanvānaṁ tena tapye vṛkodara.

5. nakulāt pūrvajam pārthaṃ na paśyāmi amitaujasam
ajeyam ugradhanvānam tena tapye vṛkodara

5. O Vṛkodara, I grieve because I do not see Pārtha (Arjuna), the elder brother of Nakula, who possesses immeasurable prowess (ojas) and is an unconquerable, fierce archer.

5. איני רואה את פָּארְטְהַא, אחיו הבכור של נַקוּלַה, בעל הגבורה האינסופית, שאי אפשר לנצחו ובעל הקשת האימתנית, ולכן אני נשרף, הו וְרְקוֹדַרַה.

Words meanings summery:

• नकुलात् (nakulāt) - from Nakula

• पूर्वजम् (pūrvajam) - elder brother (elder, born before)

• पार्थं (pārthaṁ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

• न (na) - not

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see

• अमितौजसम् (amitaujasam) - of immeasurable strength/prowess

• अजेयम् (ajeyam) - unconquerable, invincible

• उग्रधन्वानम् (ugradhanvānam) - fierce archer, having a terrible bow

• तेन (tena) - by that, therefore

• तप्ये (tapye) - I suffer, I grieve, I am afflicted

• वृकोदर (vṛkodara) - O Bhīma (having a wolf's belly (Bhīma))

Words meanings and morphology

नकुलात् (nakulāt) - from Nakula

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - mongoose; a proper name (Nakula, one of the Pāṇḍavas)

पूर्वजम् (pūrvajam) - elder brother (elder, born before)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pūrvaja

pūrvaja - born before, elder, ancient

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+ja)

• pūrva – previous, former, prior
  adjective (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jan- (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Pārtha.

पार्थं (pārthaṁ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā; Arjuna

Taddhita derivation from Pṛthā

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present stem paśya- from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अमितौजसम् (amitaujasam) - of immeasurable strength/prowess

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amitaujas

amitaujas - of immeasurable strength, immensely powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+ojas)

• amita – unmeasured, immeasurable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From a- (negation) + mita (measured, from root mā)
  Root: mā (class 3)
• ojas – power, vigor, strength, prowess (ojas)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Pārtha.

अजेयम् (ajeyam) - unconquerable, invincible

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ajeya

ajeya - unconquerable, invincible

Gerundive

From a- (negation) + jeya (to be conquered, from root ji)

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Pārtha.

उग्रधन्वानम् (ugradhanvānam) - fierce archer, having a terrible bow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ugradhanvan

ugradhanvan - having a terrible bow, fierce archer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ugra+dhanvan)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Pārtha.

तेन (tena) - by that, therefore

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the non-seeing of Pārtha, acting as a cause.

तप्ये (tapye) - I suffer, I grieve, I am afflicted

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of tap

Root: tap (class 1)

वृकोदर (vṛkodara) - O Bhīma (having a wolf's belly (Bhīma))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vṛkodara

vṛkodara - wolf-bellied; an epithet of Bhīma

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛka+udara)

• vṛka – wolf
  noun (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach
  noun (neuter)

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